Rep. Juan Vargas

Maddy summaryThis bill would establish 18-year fixed terms for all Supreme Court justices, replacing lifetime appointments. It requires the President to nominate one justice every two years (during first and third years after presidential elections), with Senate confirmation within 90 days, and prohibits reappointments after a single term. Current justices would be phased out in order of seniority as new justices are appointed under this schedule. The bill directly affects all sitting and future Supreme Court justices by mandating term limits and a structured appointment process.

Maddy summaryHR 3555, the Protect our Parks Act of 2025, requires the Secretary of the Interior to ensure National Park Service units are fully staffed for visitor safety, resource protection, and maintenance within 30 days of enactment. It mandates rehiring all National Park Service employees involuntarily terminated between January 20, 2025, and the bill’s enactment date. The bill also directs the continuation of specific park projects funded under the Great American Outdoors Act, Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, and the Inflation Reduction Act. This legislation directly affects National Park Service staff and park operations, focusing on staffing stability and project continuity.

Maddy summaryThis bill establishes a code of conduct for Supreme Court justices, requiring them to disclose gifts, income, and potential conflicts of interest. It creates a formal process for handling complaints about justices, including a judicial investigation panel to review allegations. The bill adds specific circumstances requiring recusal, such as when a justice or family member has financial ties to a party in a case. Additionally, it mandates that parties and amicus briefs disclose any gifts given to justices and lobbying activities related to their nomination. These provisions aim to increase transparency and accountability in the Supreme Court's operations.

Maddy summaryHR 3526, the Uplifting First-Time Homebuyers Act of 2025, increases the maximum amount first-time homebuyers can withdraw penalty-free from retirement accounts. It amends the Internal Revenue Code to raise the limit from $10,000 to $50,000 for qualified first-time homebuyer distributions. This change directly affects individuals using retirement savings to purchase their first home, allowing them to access significantly more funds without incurring the usual 10% early withdrawal penalty. The provision applies to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2024.

Maddy summaryHR 3501 would require Medicare providers to screen beneficiaries aged 65 and older for cognitive impairment during annual wellness visits and initial preventive physical exams, using tools approved by the National Institute on Aging. The screening must be documented in the patient’s medical record. This change applies to visits starting January 1, 2026, and aims to support early detection of conditions like Alzheimer’s through standard preventive care. The bill directly affects Medicare beneficiaries, providers, and caregivers by integrating cognitive screening into routine preventive services.

Maddy summaryHR 3473, the Humane Accountability Act, requires U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), and the Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) to submit detailed reports to Congress about immigration detentions and facility conditions. It mandates specific data on detention numbers, removals, locations (including sensitive sites like schools), and incidents of abuse, medical care, or deaths in custody. The bill also requires advance notice to Congress before using non-traditional detention sites (such as military bases or tribal lands), including justification, capacity, and compliance plans. These reports aim to increase transparency for detainees, their families, and Congress regarding detention practices. The bill directly affects immigration detention facilities, immigrant detainees, and federal agencies managing immigration enforcement.

Stronger Communities through Better Transit Act This bill requires the Department of Transportation (DOT) to establish a grant program to support operating projects for public transportation and related service improvements, particularly in underserved communities and areas of persistent poverty. Specifically, the bill requires DOT to allocate funding under the program for urbanized areas, states, and Indian tribes that are recipients of funds under either the Federal Transit Administration's (FTA's) Urbanized Area Formula Funding program or Formula Grants for Rural Areas program. Eligible recipients may use funding for operating costs associated with projects that improve public transportation service for transit-dependent populations and support increased transit ridership (e.g., service expansion, information technology enhancements, and workforce development). DOT must apportion the funding so that recipients receive funds that are proportional to their share of operating costs. The bill also provides for an increased federal cost share for operating assistance for projects or programs carried out in areas of persistent poverty or underserved communities. DOT must set up a multimodal access measurement interface for public agencies to aid transit agencies in determining and reporting on access to jobs and essential services. A grant recipient must (1) report specific information to the FTA for inclusion in the National Transit Database, and (2) survey transit riders and non-riding residents regarding transit service improvements. Further, the bill expands the purposes of the public transportation programs to include supporting public transportation's role in combating climate change through growing/retaining transit ridership.

Maddy summaryThis bill restores a tax deduction for personal losses caused by disasters, crimes, or scams (like stolen property or damage from hurricanes). It directly affects taxpayers who filed returns before 2025 but couldn’t claim this deduction due to a prior suspension. The bill reinstates the deduction and extends the deadline to file refund claims for these losses until the tax filing deadline for the year the bill becomes law. This allows eligible individuals to claim refunds they were previously barred from receiving.

Maddy summaryThis bill clarifies that the President has no constitutional authority to withhold funds Congress has appropriated. It creates new legal mechanisms allowing private citizens and state/local governments to sue the federal government for impoundments of appropriated funds. The bill strengthens the Comptroller General's oversight role by requiring executive branch cooperation in investigations of potential violations. Federal employees who knowingly violate these provisions would face personal liability and lose immunity protections. The legislation aims to reinforce Congress's constitutional authority over the budget process.

Maddy summaryHRES 413 is a non-binding House resolution condemning Hamas for its October 7, 2023, attacks on Israel, which killed over 1,200 people and took more than 250 hostages. It specifically demands that Hamas immediately release the 58 remaining hostages (including four U.S. citizens: Edan Alexander, Itay Chen, Omer Neutra, Judi Weinstein, and Gad Haggai) and return them to safety. The resolution also recognizes that hostage-taking violates international law and calls on the White House to continue efforts to secure all hostages' release. As a symbolic resolution, it does not create new laws or policies but formally expresses the House's stance.