Budget & Taxes

HR 7144, the Food Rescue Act, establishes a national food rescue system under the USDA's Food and Nutrition Service to coordinate the recovery and distribution of surplus food to food-insecure communities. The bill creates a competitive grant program for food rescue organizations to improve logistics (like refrigerated transport and storage), build partnerships with retailers and farms, and use technology to match surplus food with emergency feeding organizations. It directly affects food-insecure communities by increasing access to rescued food and supports food banks, nonprofits, and local governments through grants covering recovery operations, transportation, and infrastructure. The bill amends the Emergency Food Assistance Act of 1983 to integrate food rescue efforts with existing USDA programs.

HR 6895, the Debt Solution and Accountability Act, requires the Treasury Secretary to submit detailed reports to Congress before increasing the debt limit. These reports must include current and projected debt levels, drivers of future debt, plans to reduce debt growth (short, medium, and long-term), and analyses of how debt limit actions affect government spending, debt service, and the dollar's global role. The bill also mandates a progress report within 180 days after any debt limit increase or suspension, and requires public posting of all reports on Treasury's website for six months. Additionally, it grants congressional committees specific access to Treasury financial data upon request, including cash flow details and debt transaction information. The bill focuses solely on transparency and reporting requirements, without altering debt policy or spending levels.

This bill requires the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) to provide quarterly budget briefings to Congress, prohibits the VA from providing specified pay incentives to senior-level employees, and establishes an office to carry out customer service initiatives of the VA. Protecting Regular Order for Veterans Act of 2025 or the PRO Veterans Act of 2025 (Sec. 1) This section requires the VA to provide quarterly budget briefings to Congress, which must include information on any budget shortfalls the VA may be experiencing. The VA must present its plans to address or mitigate shortfalls during such briefings. Next, the section prohibits the VA from providing certain senior-level employees with a critical skill incentive, which is generally a payment bonus for employees possessing a high-demand skill or skill that is at a shortage. Specifically, the VA may not provide such an incentive to an employee in a Senior Executive Service position or other comparable position in the VA Central Office, regardless of the actual location where the employee performs the functions of the position.  Senior-level employees whose positions are primarily in the VA Central Office but perform some portion of their job function based out of non-Central Office VA facilities are eligible for an incentive for their non-Central Office work. The section also provides that an incentive may only be provided to senior-level employees on an individual basis and upon approval by specified officers (e.g., the Under Secretary for Health). The VA must report to Congress annually regarding senior-level employees who were provided a critical skill incentive. Improving Veterans’ Experience Act of 2025 (Sec. 2) This section establishes the Veterans Experience Office through FY2028 to carry out the key customer experience initiatives of the VA relating to veteran and beneficiary satisfaction with and usage of VA benefits and services. The Government Accountability Office must complete an analysis of and report on the methodology, effectiveness, and implementation of findings and feedback of veterans and beneficiaries used by the VA, including the Veterans Experience Office, to improve customer experience and satisfaction.

HR 7690 increases the maximum monthly stipends for students in the TRIO Upward Bound program for fiscal year 2027, tripling previous rates to $180 for some participants and $900 for others. It also establishes a $300 monthly stipend for veterans in programs specifically designed for them during 2027. Starting in 2028, stipend amounts will automatically adjust annually based on the Consumer Price Index to account for inflation. The bill directly affects low-income high school students and veterans participating in TRIO Upward Bound, which provides academic support to prepare them for college.

This bill creates two key programs to expand affordable rental housing on property owned by faith-based organizations and institutions of higher education. It provides $25 million in fiscal year 2026 for technical assistance to help these groups understand how to develop or preserve affordable housing (renting at or below 30% of household income), and $50 million annually from 2026-2031 for competitive challenge grants to local governments that remove barriers to such housing. The grants specifically target housing for households at or below 60% of area median income, homeless individuals/families (including veterans), people with disabilities, and intergenerational families. These programs directly affect faith-based groups, schools, and local governments seeking to increase affordable housing supply on their owned properties.

The Multigenerational Family Tax Credit Act of 2026 would create a tax credit for homeowners who pay for home modifications to improve safety, accessibility, or mobility for elderly or disabled relatives living with them. The credit covers up to $8,000 per year, but is reduced for taxpayers earning over $200,000 (or $400,000 for joint filers). Half of the credit would be refundable, meaning it could be paid even if the taxpayer owes no income tax. This credit applies to expenses incurred after December 31, 2026, and directly benefits families supporting aging or disabled relatives in multigenerational households.

The Family Violence Prevention and Services Improvement Act of 2026 amends federal law to enhance support for victims of family violence, domestic violence, and dating violence. The bill authorizes $270 million annually for fiscal years 2027-2031 to fund state, tribal, and community programs, with specific funding reserved for tribal programs (12.5%), national hotlines ($20.5 million for general hotline, $4 million for Indian hotline), and services for underserved populations. It requires grantees to provide trauma-informed, culturally appropriate services while prohibiting discrimination and protecting victim confidentiality, and mandates accessibility for people with disabilities and limited English proficiency. The bill also establishes new technical assistance centers, Tribal resource centers, and community-based prevention programs to address the needs of underserved populations including Native Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and racial and ethnic minorities.

HR 7093, the Afterschool ACCESS Act, allows donors to claim a tax deduction for providing property (like buildings or vehicles) to community learning centers for educational use. Specifically, it creates a new charitable deduction for the "rental value" of real property or transportation vehicles used by centers meeting the definition in the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. This directly affects donors (individuals or businesses) who contribute property and community learning centers receiving those contributions. The bill modifies tax code rules to treat these property contributions as deductible charitable gifts, rather than taxable income.

The Beginning Farmer Tax Incentive Act (HR 6836) creates tax benefits for beginning farmers by excluding 40% of capital gains from selling qualifying farmland and up to $25,000 annually from lease income. Qualifying farmland must have been farmed by the seller’s family for at least 5 years. Beginning farmers are defined as new individuals with 1-10 years of farming experience (reported on Schedule F), those with beginner farm loans, or those with substantial farming knowledge. The policy directly supports new agricultural entrants through targeted tax relief, applying to land used for farming with specific ownership history requirements.

The NEST Act creates a new tax-advantaged savings account specifically for first-time homebuyers, allowing them to deduct contributions from their taxable income. Contributions would be limited to 20% of a state's median home price, with tax-free distributions available for qualified home ownership expenses like down payments and closing costs. Employer contributions to these accounts would be excluded from both income tax and employment taxes. The bill includes safeguards such as a 20% additional tax on funds withdrawn for non-homebuying purposes and rules preventing misuse of the accounts. It would take effect for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2025.