Sen. Julie Mayfield

Maddy summarySB 482, the "Don't Tread on Me: An Individual Freedoms Act," creates new legal protections for North Carolinians by limiting state agency actions across multiple areas. It directly affects all residents by prohibiting warrantless government surveillance, requiring agencies to stop demanding private medical, religious, or political information for services, banning ideological restrictions on reproductive care, and protecting parental rights in education and healthcare decisions. Key provisions mandate that schools provide fact-based education without political manipulation, prevent discrimination in employment or housing based on private beliefs, and ensure government benefits are not denied due to personal health choices or political views. The bill establishes these rights as enforceable standards for all state agencies, requiring actions to be "narrowly tailored" to a compelling state interest.

Maddy summarySB 566 updates North Carolina's health insurance laws to require equal coverage for substance use disorder treatment as for physical health conditions. It replaces outdated terms like "chemical dependency" with "substance use disorder" in state statutes and mandates that medical necessity determinations for addiction treatment must use the same clinical criteria applied to physical health conditions. This directly affects health insurers offering group plans and patients seeking addiction treatment, ensuring they face no stricter coverage limits than for other medical issues. The bill aligns North Carolina's requirements with federal mental health parity law (the Paul Wellstone Act) by explicitly including substance use disorders under coverage parity rules.

Maddy summarySB 555 establishes a $15 million Wetlands Restoration and Protection Fund to support wetland conservation in North Carolina. The bill allocates $5 million specifically for monitoring and research, and directs the Department of Environmental Quality to fund restoration projects, land protection agreements, public education, and enforcement of wetland laws. It directly affects landowners near wetlands and environmental programs by redefining "isolated wetlands" using pre-2020 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers determinations and the 2010 North Carolina Wetland Assessment Manual, restoring protections lost under the *Sackett v. EPA* Supreme Court decision. The bill requires annual reports to legislators detailing fund usage, project outcomes, and research findings.

Maddy summaryThe Hands Free NC Act makes it illegal to hold or use wireless devices (like cell phones, tablets, or smartwatches) while driving on public roads in North Carolina, with exceptions for emergencies (e.g., calling 911) or certain professionals (like police or paramedics) performing official duties. It specifically prohibits texting, watching videos, or manually entering text, and imposes fines starting at $100 for first offenses (increasing to $200 for third offenses within 36 months), with insurance points added for repeat violations. Drivers under 18 are banned from using devices while driving (except for pre-entered navigation), and school bus drivers face misdemeanor charges for violations. The law also updates driver education programs to emphasize safe device use as a way to reduce accidents.

Maddy summarySB 510 exempts menstrual products like tampons, sanitary napkins, panty liners, and menstrual cups from North Carolina's sales tax. The bill amends state tax law (G.S. 105-164.13) to specifically include these products in the list of tax-exempt items, effective October 1, 2025. It directly affects all consumers purchasing these products in North Carolina, removing a sales tax burden. The change applies to all retailers selling these items in the state, with no additional requirements or mechanisms beyond the tax code update. This is a straightforward policy change focusing on reducing costs for menstrual product buyers.

Maddy summarySB 591 updates North Carolina's animal fighting laws by prohibiting minors under 18 from attending cockfighting or dogfighting events and banning the possession of animals or equipment with intent to use them in such fights. It specifically defines "animal fighting paraphernalia" (like fighting pits, gaffs, or training tools) and makes possessing such items with the intent to facilitate fights a Class 1 misdemeanor. The bill directly affects anyone attending these events (with minors prohibited), owning or training animals for fighting, or possessing related equipment. Key mechanisms include criminalizing minor attendance, expanding felony charges for animal possession, and creating new misdemeanor penalties for paraphernalia. The law takes effect December 1, 2025.

Maddy summarySB 553, titled "Save More Tatas Act," requires health insurance plans in North Carolina to cover diagnostic breast cancer imaging (such as ultrasounds and MRIs) with the same cost-sharing (like copays and deductibles) as routine mammograms, directly affecting women needing these services. It updates mammogram coverage rules to include annual screenings for high-risk individuals (e.g., those with a family history of breast cancer or dense breast tissue) and mandates that facilities meet accreditation standards. The bill also appropriates $3.6 million for the 2025-2026 fiscal year to support mammography services in rural areas and for the State Health Plan. This legislation aims to improve access to breast cancer diagnostic care without increasing patient out-of-pocket costs.

Maddy summarySB 612 requires all new school buses purchased by North Carolina school districts to be electric starting in the 2026-2027 school year, with the goal of converting the entire school bus fleet to electric by the end of the 2049-2050 school year. It also creates a grant program to help small counties purchase electric "activity buses" (used for field trips and events) by covering up to 50% of the cost. The bill appropriates $350 million for general school bus conversions and $50 million specifically for the activity bus grant program, beginning in 2026-2027. This directly affects all school districts, with additional financial support targeted at smaller counties eligible for supplemental funding.

Maddy summarySB 536, the Birth Freedom Act, requires all health insurance plans in North Carolina to cover maternity care at home or birthing centers on the same terms as hospital births. It mandates that Medicaid beneficiaries also receive full coverage for these options starting July 2025, with providers reimbursed at 90% of standard hospital rates for similar care. The bill allocates $150,000 to expand access to birthing center care under the State Health Plan for public employees, including potential subsidies for beneficiaries. These changes directly affect health insurers, Medicaid, birthing centers, and individuals seeking non-hospital maternity options.

Maddy summarySB 492 allows single-exit stairways in certain multifamily residential buildings (5-32 units, under 75 feet tall, on one lot) that meet strict fire safety standards. It applies to qualifying "Group R-2" buildings, requiring either 2-hour fire-rated construction with sprinklers (mid-rise) or 1-hour fire-rated construction/sprinklers (low-rise), plus specific egress requirements like 20-foot travel distance to the stairway and pressurized stairwells. The bill temporarily permits this change until the Building Code Council adopts permanent rules, which must align with these provisions. It directly affects developers and builders constructing qualifying mid-rise or low-rise apartment buildings in North Carolina. The law does not apply to three- or four-family homes or buildings exceeding the specified height or unit limits.