Sen. John Cornyn

Maddy summaryThis joint resolution proposes a constitutional amendment to permanently set the number of justices on the Supreme Court at nine. It would require the Supreme Court to always consist of exactly nine justices, directly affecting the Court's composition. The amendment would become part of the Constitution only if ratified by three-fourths of state legislatures within seven years. This is a procedural change to the Constitution's structure, not a policy affecting other areas.

This resolution supports the designation of Career and Technical Education Month to celebrate career and technical education across the United States.

Maddy summaryS 442, the AIM HIGH Act, establishes a permanent Air Force Technical Training Center of Excellence under the Secretary of the Air Force. This center directly affects Air Force technical training personnel, installations, and maintainers by centralizing coordination of all Air Force technical training programs. Key mechanisms include setting standards for curriculum and facilities, publishing best practices, fostering industry and academic partnerships, and serving as a hub for aviation technology advancements. The bill aims to improve training quality and innovation across all Air Force technical specialties through standardized excellence and collaboration.

Maddy summaryS 475, the Alternatives to PAIN Act, changes Medicare Part D coverage to make non-opioid pain management drugs more accessible and affordable for beneficiaries. It requires Medicare plans to cover qualifying non-opioid pain drugs without deductibles and place them on the lowest cost-sharing tier (meaning patients pay the least out-of-pocket) starting in 2026. The bill also prohibits plans from requiring step therapy (forcing patients to try opioids first) or prior authorization for these specific drugs. Qualifying drugs must treat acute pain (like post-surgery), not work on opioid receptors, have no equivalent alternatives, and meet cost thresholds. This directly affects Medicare Part D beneficiaries needing pain management and the plans that cover them.

Maddy summaryThis bill (S 482) adds Czechia to the list of countries whose business traders can enter the U.S. as E-1 nonimmigrants, provided Czechia offers similar status to U.S. nationals. It directly affects Czech businesspeople seeking to operate trade in the U.S. and U.S. citizens needing reciprocal treatment in Czechia. The key provision modifies the Immigration and Nationality Act to include Czechia as a qualifying country if the Czech government grants comparable business visitor status to U.S. citizens. This change would allow Czech nationals to access E-1 visa benefits for conducting trade, contingent on Czechia’s reciprocal policy. The bill focuses solely on updating eligibility criteria without altering broader immigration rules.

Securing Trade and Resources for Advanced Technology, Economic Growth, and International Commerce in Minerals Act or STRATEGIC Minerals Act This bill authorizes actions to facilitate trade and increase U.S. access to critical minerals and rare earth elements (REEs). Under the bill, critical minerals are any mineral, element, substance, or material designated as critical by the U.S. Geological Survey (e.g., aluminum and cobalt). Additionally, the bill includes a group of 17 elements within the definition of REEs , including elements used in permanent magnets (e.g., dysprosium and neodymium). Specifically, the bill authorizes the President, acting through the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative, to (1) negotiate, enter into, and enforce a free trade agreement with a country or countries with respect to critical minerals and REEs when the President determines it is in the national interest; and (2) proclaim a modification or continuance of any existing duty, or continuance of existing duty-free or excise treatment, as the President determines necessary to carry out the agreement. The bill prohibits agreements with nonmarket economy countries that are designated as foreign countries of concern (e.g., China and Russia). The bill outlines procedures for congressional notification, consultation, and review of these trade agreements. The bill also expands the definition of domestic source under the Defense Production Act, thereby making certain businesses from countries that are party to free trade agreements under this bill eligible for financial incentives to increase production of critical components, critical technology items, materials, and industrial resources needed for U.S. national security.

Maddy summaryS 385, the Fairness for Servicemembers and their Families Act of 2025, requires the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to review the automatic maximum coverage amount for Servicemembers’ Group Life Insurance (SGLI) and Veterans’ Group Life Insurance (VGLI) every five years starting in 2026. The review compares the current coverage limit to a new amount calculated as $500,000 multiplied by the average change in the Consumer Price Index over the previous five years. This adjustment mechanism ensures coverage levels better reflect inflation, directly affecting active-duty servicemembers and veterans enrolled in these insurance programs. The bill mandates that the review results be submitted to congressional committees, potentially guiding future coverage increases within existing administrative structures.

Maddy summaryThe Fair Access to Banking Act (S 401) prohibits large financial institutions ($10 billion+ in assets) and payment networks from denying services to lawful businesses based on political or reputational factors, such as the type of legal business they operate. It requires banks to justify denials using objective, risk-based standards instead of category-based decisions, and mandates written explanations for denials. The law enables lawsuits against violators with treble damages and civil penalties up to 10% of service value (capped at $10,000 per violation). It directly affects major banks, payment processors, and credit unions that serve large-scale customers, ensuring fair access for businesses operating within federal law.

Maddy summaryS 364, titled the "Hearing Protection Act" (though it regulates firearm silencers, not hearing protection), changes federal law to treat firearm silencers like firearms for tax and regulatory purposes. It imposes a 10% federal tax on silencers (similar to firearms), preempts state laws that tax or regulate silencers beyond federal rules, and requires the destruction of existing silencer registration records within one year. The bill clarifies definitions of "firearm silencer" in federal law and modifies licensing requirements for these devices. This directly affects silencer owners, manufacturers, and state governments that previously imposed additional restrictions or taxes.

Nancy Gardner Sewell Medicare Multi-Cancer Early Detection Screening Coverage Act This bill allows, beginning in 2028, for Medicare coverage and payment for multi-cancer early detection screening tests that are approved by the Food and Drug Administration and that are used to screen for cancer across many cancer types, if the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services determines such coverage is appropriate. Coverage is limited to those under a certain age (age 68 in 2028, increased by one year every year thereafter) and to one test every 11 months.