Sen. Jeff Merkley

Maddy summaryThe Cattle Price Discovery and Transparency Act of 2023 requires large cattle packers to report detailed information about their cattle purchases and contracts to improve market transparency. The bill establishes mandatory minimums requiring packers to purchase a certain percentage of cattle through transparent pricing mechanisms like negotiated deals, rather than private contracts. Packers must also report daily slaughter schedules and carcass weights more frequently, and create a public library of all cattle purchase contracts. These requirements directly affect major cattle packers and aim to give cattle producers more information about market prices.

Maddy summaryThe Caring for All Families Act expands family medical leave protections under the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) to include more relatives and domestic partners. It adds new provisions allowing employees to take leave for school activities related to their children or grandchildren, routine medical appointments for family members (including domestic partners and elderly individuals with family-like relationships), and care for elderly individuals who are not biologically related but have a close family-like bond. Employees may take up to 4 hours per 30 days or 24 hours per year for these purposes, in addition to existing leave entitlements. This bill applies to both private sector employees covered by the FMLA and federal employees under Title 5 of the U.S. Code. The changes clarify that "family" includes domestic partners, extended family members like grandparents and siblings, and individuals with a significant personal bond that functions like a family relationship.

Maddy summaryS 237, the Protecting Access to Medication Abortion Act of 2023, modifies federal safety requirements for mifepristone (used in medication abortions) to expand access. The bill requires the FDA to remove in-person dispensing rules, allow telehealth prescriptions, and permit certified pharmacies to mail the drug directly to patients. It directly affects patients seeking medication abortion and healthcare providers/pharmacies dispensing mifepristone. The law mandates these changes for mifepristone’s risk evaluation and mitigation strategy (REMS), while preserving FDA authority to adjust safety measures based on scientific evidence.

Maddy summaryThe Crime Gun Tracing Modernization Act of 2023 requires the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) to create electronic, searchable databases for firearm records within three years. This affects ATF, licensed gun dealers (who must provide electronic access to their required records), and law enforcement agencies using the system. Key provisions include making databases searchable by firearm details (like serial number and model) but not by personal identifiers, restricting database access to law enforcement investigations or foreign intelligence purposes, and allowing dealers to turn over paper records after 10 years. The law overrides funding restrictions to ensure implementation.

Protect Our Citizens from Reckless Extortion of our Debt and Irresponsible Tactics Act of 2023 or the Protect Our CREDIT Act of 2023 This bill allows the President to increase the statutory debt limit unless a joint resolution of disapproval is passed by Congress and becomes law. Prior to the beginning of each fiscal year, the President must submit to Congress a certification that specifies the existing debt, the debt limit, and the debt that will be necessary to issue during the next year to meet existing commitments. The debt limit is increased by the proposed amount, unless a joint resolution of disapproval is passed by Congress within 15 days and becomes law. Congress must consider the joint resolution using specified expedited legislative procedures. The President must submit an additional certification to Congress during the year if the debt is within $250 billion of the limit, and further borrowing is necessary to meet existing commitments. The certification must propose a new debt limit for the remainder of the year and explain any discrepancy with the earlier certification. The new debt limit also goes into effect, unless a joint resolution of disapproval is passed by Congress within 15 days and becomes law. The bill suspends the debt limit during the period in which Congress is considering a joint resolution of disapproval after the President has submitted a mid-year certification.

Maddy summaryS 202 reauthorizes the Collaborative Forest Landscape Restoration Program through 2032, extending its current authorization period and increasing the annual funding cap from $4 million to $8 million. The bill expands eligible projects to include wildfire risk reduction across public, tribal, private, and state lands (including the wildland-urban interface), watershed health improvements, and innovative financing mechanisms like conservation agreements. It requires collaborative projects to include federal staffing plans and standardized monitoring for ecological outcomes. This directly affects forest management groups, landowners, and communities working on landscape-scale restoration across diverse land ownerships.

Maddy summaryThe FAIR Fees Act of 2023 requires the U.S. Department of Transportation to create regulations within 270 days that prohibit airlines from charging unreasonable or disproportionate fees for specific services. It targets fees for changing/canceling reservations, checked baggage, seat selection, and other flight-related charges. The regulations must ensure fees align with actual costs airlines incur, like processing changes or handling baggage, and require airlines to seat families with children under 13 together at no extra cost. This applies to all airlines operating under U.S. aviation regulations (those holding a DOT air carrier certificate).

Maddy summaryThe JOBS Act of 2023 expands Federal Pell Grant eligibility to short-term job training programs that provide 150-600 clock hours (8-15 weeks) of instruction aligned with in-demand local industries. It directly affects students enrolled in eligible career-focused programs at institutions of higher education, requiring programs to offer industry-recognized credentials and meet validation standards from employers or sector partnerships. Key provisions include mandatory industry validation of program quality, institutional credit articulation for noncredit programs, and lowering the minimum Pell Grant percentage from 10% to 5% for qualifying students. The bill ensures these programs count toward students’ total Pell Grant eligibility period while maintaining standard Pell Grant terms and conditions.

Maddy summaryS 173, "Ethan's Law," requires firearm owners to store guns securely in homes where minors (under 18) or individuals ineligible to own firearms might access them. It amends federal law to make non-compliant storage an offense punishable by a $500 fine per violation, with enhanced penalties (up to 5 years in prison) if injury or death results. The bill creates a federal grant program to support states with laws matching its secure storage requirements, offering funding incentives for states that enact similar measures. It directly affects homeowners with firearms in households containing minors or prohibited persons, aiming to reduce accidental child access and firearm-related injuries.

Maddy summaryThe Airline Passengers' Bill of Rights (S 178) establishes new requirements for airlines to compensate passengers for denied boarding and flight delays, with a minimum $1,350 payment for delays exceeding 4 hours. The bill mandates automatic refunds for all delays, requires airlines to provide meal and hotel accommodations for overnight delays, and prohibits airlines from unfairly attributing delays to "force majeure" events when within their control. It also sets standards for seat size, lavatory availability, potable water, and transparency in pricing, while creating private rights of action for passengers to seek legal remedies for violations. The bill increases civil penalties for noncompliance and requires airlines to provide clear disclosure of fees and passenger rights.