Home Texas Elections 2022 Nathaniel Moran

Nathaniel Moran

Republican candidate · 2022 general election · Texas

NM

Nathaniel Moran

Republican

Races

Campaign finance

FEC data through Dec 31, 2022. Covering the 2022 two-year cycle only.

The 2022 cycle at a glance

Total receipts
$1,051,039
Everything the campaign took in
Individual contributions
$717,620
Itemized and unitemized split not reported
PAC and other committees
$204,253
Received from political committees
Campaign spending
$932,295
Total disbursements
Cash on hand
$118,744
At the end of the reporting period

Where the money came from

These categories divide total receipts of $1,051,039 exactly once, so they add back up to the reported total.

Receipts by funding category for the 2022 cycle
Source Amount Share of receipts
Individual contributions $717,620 68.3%
PAC and other committee contributions $204,253 19.4%
Party committee contributions $0 0.0%
Candidate self-funding $18,171 1.7%
Loans $0 0.0%
Other receipts, including transfers $110,996 10.6%
Total receipts $1,051,039 100%

Financial position

Cash, debt, refunds, loans, and transfers as reported through Dec 31, 2022 for the 2022 cycle. These are factual reported values, not a judgement about whether a campaign is healthy, viable, or strong. Independent expenditures are never added to or subtracted from any of them: that money was never the campaign's.

Reported financial position for the 2022 cycle
Measure Amount
Cash on hand at coverage end $118,744
Debts and obligations owed by the committee $0
Debts and obligations owed to the committee Not reported
Contributions refunded to individuals $3,667
Contributions refunded to committees $6,000
Transfers received from other authorized committeesAlready raised money moving between the candidate's own committees, not new fundraising. $98,468
Transfers made to other authorized committees $0
Repayments of candidate loans $0
Repayments of other loans $0

Calculated from the reported values

Each row below is arithmetic MyRepTracker performed on the values above. Where the FEC published the figure itself, the row says so and no calculation was made.

Values calculated from the reported financial position, with the formula for each
Measure Amount How it was produced
Contributions net of refunds $930,377 Calculated as individual + committee + party + candidate contributions, minus contributions refunded to individuals and committees.
Operating expenditures net of offsets Not reported An input this calculation needs is not published by the source behind this record.
Outstanding candidate loans $0 Calculated as loans received from the candidate minus repayments of those loans.
Other outstanding loans $0 Calculated as other loans received minus repayments of those loans.
Total contributions refunded $9,667 Calculated as refunds to individuals plus refunds to committees.

Change since the previous filing

Both columns come from committee C00796086, so the two periods are comparable. A change is the difference between what 30G 2022 reported and what YE 2022 reported, and the direction is stated in words rather than shown only as a sign. 30G 2022 reported through Nov 28, 2022 and YE 2022 through Dec 31, 2022.

Financial position at the two most recent controlling filings of committee C00796086
Measure 30G 2022Reported through Nov 28, 2022 YE 2022Reported through Dec 31, 2022 Change
Cash on hand at period end $148,354 $118,744 Down $29,610
Debts owed by the committee $0 $0 No change
Contribution refunds in the period $415 $0 Down $415

Cash compared with one period's spending

Cash on hand of $118,744 set beside the $63,929 this campaign spent during YE 2022, through Dec 31, 2022, which is 1.9 times that period's spending. This is a ratio between two reported numbers over one named period. It is not a forecast of how long the money will last, and campaigns do not spend evenly across a cycle.

Outside spending

Independent expenditures are spending by other organizations that is not coordinated with the campaign. This money was never received or controlled by Nathaniel Moran. Supporting and opposing spending are kept apart rather than combined into one number, and neither is added to campaign receipts.

Spent supporting

$0
Independent expenditures in the 2022 cycle

Spent opposing

$0
Independent expenditures in the 2022 cycle

What the money was spent on

These categories divide $913,593 of itemized spending across 473 transactions, through Dec 29, 2022. That subtotal covers the FEC's published operating-expenditure records, which do not include transfers, loan repayments, refunds, or contributions the campaign made, and is 98.0% of the $932,295 in total disbursements reported for the 2022 cycle. Every share below is a share of that subtotal and never of total spending. Purposes were classified under taxonomy spend-1.3.

Two things separate that subtotal from total disbursements. Spending reported without itemization cannot be categorized. And the itemized records run only to Dec 29, 2022, while the totals above cover through Dec 31, 2022, so the last stretch of the reporting period is summarized but not yet broken down here.

Itemized spending by reported purpose for the 2022 cycle, ranked by amount
Purpose Amount % Share Transactions
Administration, salary, and overhead $383,160 41.9% 268
Advertising and media $251,757 27.6% 17
Fundraising and solicitation $158,095 17.3% 37
Campaign materials $39,106 4.3% 29
Travel $35,730 3.9% 111
Polling and research $22,225 2.4% 2
Events $11,389 1.2% 4
Unclassified filing descriptions Spending whose reported purpose could not be placed in the taxonomy. It is counted, not guessed at. $7,817 0.9% 3
Contribution refunds $4,315 0.5% 2
Classified $905,776 99.1%
Unclassified filing descriptions $7,817 0.9%
Itemized spending categorized here $913,593 100% 473

Political committees that contributed directly

Money received by the authorized campaign committee from PACs and other political committees. This is not outside spending.

This total will usually differ from the PAC figure in the summary above. The summary is what the campaign reported receiving in total; this ranking adds up the individual contributions that were itemized, which is a different record made at a different time. Neither is a correction of the other, and the gap is not an error in either one.

Top 50 of 57 shown $194,250 total · $187,750 shown here

Itemized rows as published by the FEC on Sep 6, 2026. The summary figures above come from the candidate's own reports through the coverage date.

Political committees ranked by direct contributions
Rank Committee Amount Share Transactions Last activity
1 REPUBLICAN MAINSTREET PARTNERSHIP PAC C00165159 $11,000 5.7% 3 Nov 17, 2022
2 BROOKSHIRE GROCERY COMPANY PAC C00449546 $10,750 5.5% 4 Oct 9, 2022
3 NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF REALTORS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE C00030718 $10,000 5.1% 2 Jul 15, 2022
4 MAJORITY COMMITTEE PAC--MC PAC C00428052 $10,000 5.1% 2 Feb 28, 2022
5 TEXAS SPINE AND JOINT LTD PAC C00437525 $10,000 5.1% 2 Sep 6, 2022
6 AMERICAN OPTOMETRIC ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE C00024968 $7,500 3.9% 2 Jun 7, 2022
7 AMERICAN HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION PAC C00106146 $7,500 3.9% 2 May 31, 2022
8 TRINITY INDUSTRIES EMPLOYEE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (SF) INC. C00268904 $7,000 3.6% 5 Dec 5, 2022
9 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE C00000422 $5,000 2.6% 1 Feb 16, 2022
10 BUILD POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HOME BUILDERS (BUILDPAC) C00000901 $5,000 2.6% 2 Oct 5, 2022
11 CULAC THE PAC OF CREDIT UNION NATIONAL ASSOCIATION C00007880 $5,000 2.6% 1 May 25, 2022
12 NATIONAL AUTOMOBILE DEALERS ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE C00040998 $5,000 2.6% 1 May 31, 2022
13 MID-CONTINENT POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE C00111427 $5,000 2.6% 1 Oct 1, 2022
14 ALAMO PAC C00387464 $5,000 2.6% 1 Aug 18, 2022
15 ARDENT LEGACY HOLDINGS LLC GOOD GOVERNMENT FUND C00390963 $5,000 2.6% 1 Feb 10, 2022
16 MAKING AMERICA PROSPEROUS PAC C00445379 $5,000 2.6% 1 Jul 18, 2022
17 HUCK PAC C00448373 $5,000 2.6% 1 Mar 29, 2022
18 THE EYE OF THE TIGER POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE C00467431 $5,000 2.6% 1 Mar 4, 2022
19 AMERICAN ISRAEL PUBLIC AFFAIRS COMMITTEE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE C00797670 $5,000 2.6% 1 Aug 4, 2022
20 RAPTOR PAC C00749481 $4,000 2.1% 3 Oct 27, 2022
21 HONOR COURAGE COMMITMENT PAC C00755173 $3,500 1.8% 2 Jan 24, 2022
22 AT&T INC. EMPLOYEE FEDERAL POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (AT&T EMPLOYEE FEDERAL PAC) C00109017 $3,000 1.5% 1 Oct 25, 2022
23 CAROL FOR CONGRESS C00653220 $3,000 1.5% 2 Dec 1, 2022
24 AMERICAN BANKERS ASSOCIATION PAC (BANKPAC) C00004275 $2,500 1.3% 1 Jun 22, 2022
25 AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGEONS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE C00005660 $2,500 1.3% 1 Oct 19, 2022
26 ASSOCIATED GENERAL CONTRACTORS OF AMERICA POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE C00082917 $2,500 1.3% 1 May 19, 2022
27 NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CONVENIENCE STORES POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE C00126763 $2,500 1.3% 1 Feb 24, 2022
28 TEXAS FARM BUREAU AGFUND C00214981 $2,500 1.3% 1 Jun 22, 2022
29 LOCKHEED MARTIN CORPORATION EMPLOYEES' POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE C00303024 $2,500 1.3% 1 Oct 10, 2022
30 INDEPENDENT BANKERS ASSOCIATION OF TEXAS FEDERAL PAC (IBAT FEDPAC) C00332841 $2,500 1.3% 2 Feb 10, 2022
31 POINT ACTION PAC, INC. C00738260 $2,500 1.3% 1 Sep 28, 2022
32 VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS, INC. POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (VERIZON PAC) C00186288 $2,000 1.0% 1 Apr 21, 2022
33 FRELINGHUYSEN FOR CONGRESS C00299404 $2,000 1.0% 1 Jul 22, 2022
34 ROBERT ADERHOLT FOR CONGRESS C00313247 $2,000 1.0% 1 Oct 11, 2022
35 SCALISE FOR CONGRESS C00394957 $2,000 1.0% 1 Mar 4, 2022
36 ADRIAN SMITH FOR CONGRESS C00412890 $2,000 1.0% 1 Jul 14, 2022
37 HUDSON FOR CONGRESS C00504522 $2,000 1.0% 1 Jul 15, 2022
38 TEXAS MEDICAL ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE C00001214 $1,500 0.8% 1 Sep 28, 2022
39 NATIONAL RESTAURANT ASSOCIATION PAC (RESTAURANT PAC) C00003764 $1,000 0.5% 1 Oct 24, 2022
40 ACPAC ACA INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE C00034785 $1,000 0.5% 1 Oct 13, 2022
41 NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA POLITICAL VICTORY FUND C00053553 $1,000 0.5% 1 Jul 26, 2022
42 INTEL CORPORATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (IPAC) C00125641 $1,000 0.5% 1 Sep 21, 2022
43 KIRBY CORPORATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE C00250027 $1,000 0.5% 1 May 5, 2022
44 GREENBERG TRAURIG, P.A. PAC C00266585 $1,000 0.5% 1 Jul 26, 2022
45 ALLIED PILOTS ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE C00267849 $1,000 0.5% 1 May 31, 2022
46 CITIZENS UNITED POLITICAL VICTORY FUND C00295527 $1,000 0.5% 1 Oct 12, 2022
47 TEXAS FORESTRY ASSOCIATION FORESTRY POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE C00297911 $1,000 0.5% 1 Oct 5, 2022
48 CRH AMERICAS, INC. PAC C00346353 $1,000 0.5% 1 Aug 14, 2022
49 NATIONAL SHOOTING SPORTS FOUNDATION, INC. POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (NSSF PAC) C00480863 $1,000 0.5% 1 Aug 29, 2022
50 GUY FOR CONGRESS C00657833 $1,000 0.5% 1 Oct 7, 2022
Showing 1 to 50 of 57 committees
1 2 Next

Who the committees behind this money were

Every committee here is placed by the registration it filed with the FEC for the 2022 cycle: its designation, its committee type, and the organizational form it reported. That is the FEC's own record and involves no judgement by MyRepTracker, so this covers every itemized dollar. A committee's registration can change between cycles, and each cycle is judged by its own.

Contributed to Nathaniel Moran

Committees itemized $194,250 in contributions to this campaign.

Political committees contributing to this campaign, grouped by who the FEC says runs them in the 2022 cycle, ranked by amount
Kind of committee Amount % Share Committees Transactions
Trade association PACs $42,000 21.6% 13 16
Corporate PACs $35,250 18.1% 11 18
Leadership PACs $32,000 16.5% 8 11
Non-connected committees $29,500 15.2% 6 9
Membership organization PACs $28,500 14.7% 8 10
Other candidates' committees $16,000 8.2% 9 10
Corporations without capital stock $10,000 5.1% 1 2
Labor union PACs $1,000 0.5% 1 1
Itemized total for this direction $194,250

What interests those committees advance

The FEC publishes no industry or interest field, so unlike the section above this one is a claim MyRepTracker makes. A committee is placed here only when there is a document behind the claim that a reader can open: its own statement of organization, its own published mission statement, or a named third party. Every assignment carries that document on the committee's own page. A committee's name is never evidence of anything.

Categorized is not the same as reviewed. Most of these sectors were assigned by machine from the committee's own filing rather than read by a person. Each committee's own page says which of the two its assignment is, and names the document behind it either way.

Coverage is partial on purpose, and the part that is not covered is shown at full size rather than left out. Leadership PACs, party committees, and other candidates' committees are excluded outright: their giving is an officeholder's or a party's decision, so no interest label describes it. Categories are taxonomy interest-1.7.

Contributed to Nathaniel Moran

Committees itemized $194,250 in contributions to this campaign. $48,000 of that came from leadership PACs, party committees, and other candidates' committees, which are not interest groups. Of the remaining $146,250, committees categorized as advancing an interest account for $83,250 and committees not yet categorized account for $63,000.

Political committees contributing to this campaign, grouped by the interest they are categorized as advancing in the 2022 cycle, ranked by amount
Interest Amount % Share Committees Transactions
Food and beverage Agriculture $14,250 9.7% 3 6
Real estate Finance, insurance, and real estate $10,000 6.8% 1 2
Construction Construction $8,500 5.8% 3 4
Hospitals and nursing homes Health $7,500 5.1% 1 2
Physicians and medical specialties Health $7,500 5.1% 2 2
Commercial banking Finance, insurance, and real estate $6,500 4.4% 3 4
Automotive Transportation $5,000 3.4% 1 1
Credit unions Finance, insurance, and real estate $5,000 3.4% 1 1
Pro-Israel Ideological and single-issue $5,000 3.4% 1 1
Telecommunications Communications and technology $5,000 3.4% 2 2
Agribusiness Agriculture $3,500 2.4% 2 2
Defense Defense $2,500 1.7% 1 1
Air transport Transportation $1,000 0.7% 1 1
Lawyers and law firms Professional services $1,000 0.7% 1 1
Technology Communications and technology $1,000 0.7% 1 1
Committees not yet categorized $63,000 43.1% 16 25
Leadership PACs, party committees, and other candidates' committees Not part of the base the shares beside it are taken over. $48,000 Not applicable 17 21
Base the shares are taken over $146,250 100%
Itemized total for this direction $194,250

Last-minute contributions reported before an election

In the days just before an election, a campaign must tell the FEC within 48 hours about any contribution or loan of $1,000 or more. These notices arrive faster than the regular reporting schedule, and the same money is reported again in the report covering those days. Nothing here is added to receipts: it is a preview of money the ordinary reports will carry, not money beside them.

Reported on notices

$85,800
Across 17 notices, received Feb 10, 2022 to Nov 2, 2022

Still only provisional

$0
Every notice is now covered by a regular report

The most recent notice was filed on Nov 3, 2022. A notice stops being the only record of its money once a regular report covers the same days; those are marked reconciled below and the amounts appear in Nathaniel Moran's reported totals through the ordinary schedule.

48-hour notices filed for the 2022 cycle, newest first
Filed Amount Entries Covers State Filing
Nov 3, 2022 $3,500 3 Nov 1 to Nov 2, 2022 Covered by a regular report FEC filing ↗
Nov 1, 2022 $4,000 2 Oct 31 to Oct 31, 2022 Covered by a regular report FEC filing ↗
Oct 28, 2022 $2,000 1 Oct 26 to Oct 26, 2022 Covered by a regular report FEC filing ↗
Oct 26, 2022 $9,500 4 Oct 24 to Oct 25, 2022 Covered by a regular report FEC filing ↗
Oct 24, 2022 $1,000 1 Oct 22 to Oct 22, 2022 Covered by a regular report FEC filing ↗
Oct 22, 2022 $3,000 2 Oct 20 to Oct 20, 2022 Covered by a regular report FEC filing ↗
Feb 28, 2022 $9,900 4 Feb 26 to Feb 26, 2022 Covered by a regular report FEC filing ↗
Feb 26, 2022 $3,900 2 Feb 24 to Feb 25, 2022 Covered by a regular report FEC filing ↗
Feb 25, 2022 $9,500 3 Feb 24 to Feb 24, 2022 Covered by a regular report FEC filing ↗
Feb 24, 2022 $6,000 2 Feb 22 to Feb 22, 2022 Covered by a regular report FEC filing ↗

The 10 most recent notices of 17 are listed. The amount and count above cover all of them.

Where the individual money was reported from

Contributions from individuals that the campaign itemized, grouped by the state each contributor gave as their address. Contributions of $200 or less in aggregate are not itemized and carry no address, so they are not here at all. These places account for $705,481 of the $816,088 this campaign reported from individuals and from transfers by its other authorized committees, across 595 itemized contributions.

From Texas

$679,331
96.3% of the itemized money that has a place

From everywhere else

$26,150
3.7% of the itemized money that has a place

Money from outside Texas is not money from outside the country, and neither figure is evidence that anything unlawful happened. People may contribute to campaigns in states they do not live in, and United States citizens living abroad may contribute at all.

What kind of place it came from

Itemized individual contributions by kind of place, 2022 cycle
Kind of place Amount Contributions Share
States and the District of ColumbiaContributors who gave an address in one of the fifty states or the District of Columbia. $705,481 595 100.0%

Places, largest first

  • Texas this campaign's state $679,331
  • New York $9,000
  • Arkansas $5,400
  • Florida $3,000
  • District of Columbia $2,250
  • Mississippi $2,000
  • Arizona $1,500
  • Louisiana $1,000
  • Maryland $1,000
  • Virginia $1,000
Every place with itemized individual contributions reported for the 2022 cycle
Place Amount Contributions Share
Texas this campaign's state $679,331 569 96.3%
New York $9,000 6 1.3%
Arkansas $5,400 4 0.8%
Florida $3,000 2 0.4%
District of Columbia $2,250 4 0.3%
Mississippi $2,000 3 0.3%
Arizona $1,500 1 0.2%
Louisiana $1,000 1 0.1%
Maryland $1,000 3 0.1%
Virginia $1,000 2 0.1%
Reported with a place $705,481 595 100%

Contributions are transactions, not people: one contributor giving every month is counted once for each contribution. No contributor's name, address, employer, or occupation is stored or shown anywhere on this site.

How this compares

Compared with U.S. House campaigns in Texas, 2022 cycle: 88 campaigns with a complete Federal Election Commission record for the cycle, out of 89 on file. This is a position in that group, not a score, a grade, or a judgement about the campaign.

Total receipts

Everything the authorized campaign committee took in for this cycle, including contributions, loans, and transfers.

  • This campaign $1,051,039
  • Cohort median $431,837
Total receipts for this campaign and for U.S. House campaigns in Texas, 2022 cycle
Measure Value
This campaign $1,051,039
Lowest in the cohort$0
25th percentile$46,352
Median$431,837
75th percentile$1,846,106
Highest in the cohort$15,916,739
Campaigns counted 88

55 of the 88 campaigns counted reported less than this one, which puts it at the 63th percentile of the cohort. Campaigns reporting the same value sit at the same position.

Share of receipts from political committees

Direct contributions from PACs and other political committees as a share of total receipts. Campaigns reporting no receipts at all have no share and are left out of this measure.

  • This campaign 19.4%
  • Cohort median 7.5%
Share of receipts from political committees for this campaign and for U.S. House campaigns in Texas, 2022 cycle
Measure Value
This campaign 19.4%
Lowest in the cohort0.0%
25th percentile0.0%
Median7.5%
75th percentile29.1%
Highest in the cohort72.7%
Campaigns counted 86

54 of the 86 campaigns counted reported less than this one, which puts it at the 63th percentile of the cohort. Campaigns reporting the same value sit at the same position.

Cash on hand

The balance reported at the end of the coverage period. Campaigns report at different times, so this compares balances as of each campaign's own coverage end.

  • This campaign $118,744
  • Cohort median $34,210
Cash on hand for this campaign and for U.S. House campaigns in Texas, 2022 cycle
Measure Value
This campaign $118,744
Lowest in the cohort-$3,213
25th percentile$900
Median$34,210
75th percentile$317,164
Highest in the cohort$5,312,291
Campaigns counted 88

51 of the 88 campaigns counted reported less than this one, which puts it at the 58th percentile of the cohort. Campaigns reporting the same value sit at the same position.

Outside spending supporting

Independent expenditures by other organizations supporting the candidate. This money was never received or controlled by the campaign.

  • This campaign $0
  • Cohort median $0
Outside spending supporting for this campaign and for U.S. House campaigns in Texas, 2022 cycle
Measure Value
This campaign $0
Lowest in the cohort$0
25th percentile$0
Median$0
75th percentile$7
Highest in the cohort$2,881,111
Campaigns counted 88

0 of the 88 campaigns counted reported less than this one, which puts it at the 0th percentile of the cohort. Campaigns reporting the same value sit at the same position.

Outside spending opposing

Independent expenditures by other organizations opposing the candidate, not coordinated with any campaign.

  • This campaign $0
  • Cohort median $0
Outside spending opposing for this campaign and for U.S. House campaigns in Texas, 2022 cycle
Measure Value
This campaign $0
Lowest in the cohort$0
25th percentile$0
Median$0
75th percentile$0
Highest in the cohort$8,485,499
Campaigns counted 88

0 of the 88 campaigns counted reported less than this one, which puts it at the 0th percentile of the cohort. Campaigns reporting the same value sit at the same position.

  • 1 of the 89 campaigns on file for this cohort have no complete record for the cycle and are not counted in any figure here.

Every comparison is drawn from one two-year cycle and one office. Only campaigns whose FEC record for that cycle is complete are counted; the rest are reported beside the cohort and are never counted as zero. One authorized committee is counted once however many candidacies report it, so where a candidate's committees are all reported by another FEC record, that record supplies the figures for both. A campaign is never compared with another cycle, with a career total, or with a candidate for a different office.

What these numbers mean

Receipts are not the same as contributions
Total receipts include everything the campaign took in, such as contributions, loans, and transfers. Contributions are only the money given by people and committees.
Direct contributions are not outside spending
A direct contribution is money received by the campaign's own authorized committee. An independent expenditure is money another organization spent on its own, without coordinating with the campaign. The Federal Election Commission treats these as different activities, and so does this page.
The organizations named here are political committees
Direct rankings count what one political committee gave to a campaign; outside-spending rankings count what a committee spent independently. A separate conduit section groups individual contributions only when the campaign's memo record supplies a registered conduit committee's FEC ID. It never attributes donors to employers or interest groups, and it never exposes contributor names. Sites using broader attribution rules may therefore report different organization totals.
A cycle may be only partly reported
Filings arrive throughout a two-year cycle. A current cycle shows only what has been filed and processed through the coverage date shown above, so it is not comparable with a finished cycle.
This view is cycle specific
It covers the 2022 two-year cycle only.

Source: Federal Election Commission ↗. MyRepTracker ingests FEC records directly and does not add its own influence, risk, or corruption score.