Criminal Justice

died · Montana · House Feb 19, 2025

HB 425: Generally revise victim damages when apprehending perpetrators

HB 425 would have made Montana peace officers financially responsible for property damage or injuries to occupants when they illegally enter a building during a search or pursuit. Specifically, it applied if officers entered the wrong dwelling per a warrant, pursued a suspect into a non-suspect's building, or caused a hostage situation while apprehending someone. The bill aimed to directly affect law enforcement officers and residents of buildings where such incidents occurred. However, the bill was withdrawn on February 19, 2025, before becoming law.

Topics ✓ Criminal JusticeSupports Criminal JusticeHolds officers financially accountable for illegal entries during searches/pursuits, directly enhancing police accountability per criminal justice reform indicators.90% confidence

Sub-Topics Law Enforcement

Track

signed · Montana · House May 13, 2025

HB 589: Generally revise peace officer education standards

HB 589 revises education standards for peace officers in Montana, affecting individuals seeking to become peace officers and the agencies that employ them. The bill expands where the mandatory peace officer basic course can be completed. In addition to the Montana Law Enforcement Academy, a qualified law enforcement academy administered by an accredited Montana college or university may now provide this training. These alternative academies must have their curriculum and training methods approved by both a Montana state or local law enforcement agency and the Public Safety Officer Standards and Training Council, ensuring they meet comparable standards.

Topics ✓ Criminal JusticeSupports Criminal JusticeBill expands approved training venues for peace officers with curriculum approval, strengthening law enforcement education standards within criminal justice system.80% confidence

Sub-Topics Law Enforcement

died · Montana · Senate May 23, 2025

SB 485: Generally revise laws related to incarceration

SB 485 requires Montana's state and local correctional facilities to provide free hygiene and stationery items to people in custody. Specifically, facilities must supply soap, toilet paper, toothbrushes, toothpaste, combs, feminine hygiene products, letter envelopes, writing paper, and postage stamps at no cost upon admission and on request. The bill also mandates that facilities develop a distribution policy ensuring these items are accessible in medical areas and common housing, particularly for those unable to access them in general population. This bill amends existing laws to clarify these requirements and supersedes unfunded mandate laws.

Topics ✓ Criminal JusticeSupports Criminal JusticeProvides essential hygiene/stationery items in correctional facilities, promoting humane conditions and rehabilitation - key criminal justice reform elements.95% confidence

Sub-Topics Corrections

Track

died · Montana · House May 20, 2025

HB 452: Generally revise penalties for assaults against utility workers

HB 452 creates a new specific criminal offense for assaulting an employee of a public utility. The bill defines different levels of assault, including causing bodily injury, causing serious bodily injury, or creating reasonable apprehension of serious bodily injury with a weapon. It establishes distinct penalties for these offenses, which include imprisonment terms ranging from 8 to 20 years and fines up to $50,000, depending on the severity of the assault. This legislation aims to provide specific legal consequences for acts of violence against individuals working for public utilities.

Topics ✗ Criminal JusticeOpposes Criminal JusticeCreates new offense for assaulting utility workers with increased penalties (8-20 yrs, $50k fines), expanding criminalization and increasing mandatory sentences.95% confidence ✓ Labor & EmploymentSupports Labor & EmploymentBill protects utility workers from assault via enhanced criminal penalties, directly strengthening workplace safety protections for employees.95% confidence

Sub-Topics Violent Crime

Track

died · Montana · House May 20, 2025

HB 622: Generally revise protection order laws

HB 622 proposes to revise protection order laws by establishing a new process for "extreme risk orders of protection." This procedure allows law enforcement officers, partners, or family members to petition a court to temporarily prohibit an individual from possessing or acquiring firearms. A court may issue such an order if it finds the person poses a significant risk of causing personal injury to themselves or others. If an order is granted, the individual's firearms must be surrendered, and any concealed weapon permits would be revoked, with provisions for their return under specific circumstances.

Topics ✓ Criminal JusticeSupports Criminal JusticeBill establishes extreme risk protection orders to temporarily remove firearms from high-risk individuals, directly enhancing public safety and aligning with criminal justice reform goals of preventing violence.92% confidence

Sub-Topics Domestic Violence Firearms

Track

died · Montana · House May 22, 2025

HB 674: Revise code commissioner duties to include repealing unconstitutional policies from Montana code

HB 674 proposes to update the responsibilities of Montana's Code Commissioner. It would add a new duty requiring the commissioner to recommend legislation that eliminates laws from the Montana Code that courts have found to be unconstitutional and permanently blocked from being enforced. This change aims to ensure the published code reflects only valid, enforceable statutes. It directly affects the Code Commissioner's review process and the accuracy of the official state legal code.

Topics ✓ Criminal JusticeSupports Criminal JusticeRemoves unconstitutional laws from Montana Code, protecting civil rights and ensuring valid statutes in criminal justice system per court rulings.85% confidence

Track

died · Montana · House May 22, 2025

HB 50: Provide protections to parents and pregnant women with substance use disorder

HB 50 protects parents and pregnant women with drug use disorder by preventing child welfare investigations or custody actions solely based on positive drug test results. It amends Montana law to shield individuals seeking treatment or prenatal care from criminal charges related to drug use, and prohibits using drug test results alone to initiate child abuse cases or remove children from homes. The bill directly affects pregnant women, parents, healthcare providers, and child welfare systems by ensuring medical care access isn't penalized. Key provisions include immunity for seeking overdose help and requiring medical evaluation as the primary factor in child welfare decisions.

Topics ✓ Criminal JusticeSupports Criminal JusticePrevents criminal charges for drug use when seeking treatment, reducing criminalization and aligning with justice reform by diverting to healthcare instead of prosecution.90% confidence ✓ HealthcareSupports HealthcareBill prevents criminal charges and child welfare actions for seeking substance use treatment/prenatal care, directly protecting patient access and rights in healthcare services per summary.90% confidence

Sub-Topics Drug Policy Substance Abuse Women's Health

Track

signed · Montana · House May 5, 2025

HB 595: Revise qualifications for teachers of adult basic education or high school equivalency programs at state correctional institutions

HB 595 establishes a Montana correctional education program within the Department of Corrections, directly affecting inmates in state prisons by providing opportunities for high school equivalency and adult basic education. The bill outlines specific qualifications for instructors in these programs, requiring them to be at least 18 years old, of good moral character, and possess an associate degree, bachelor's degree, a teaching certificate from another state, or prior teaching experience. It explicitly states that the Department of Corrections cannot require these instructors to hold a Montana teacher certificate. The Department of Corrections is authorized to adopt policies determining which inmates are eligible to participate.

Topics ✓ Criminal JusticeSupports Criminal JusticeEstablishes prison education program to improve inmate rehabilitation and reduce recidivism through structured educational opportunities in correctional facilities.90% confidence ✓ EducationSupports EducationCreates correctional education program with qualified instructors, expanding access to high school equivalency for inmates, directly advancing educational access within the topic.90% confidence

Sub-Topics Teachers

signed · Montana · House May 19, 2025

HB 745: Require background checks for certain school employees and volunteers

HB 745 revises school laws to enhance student safety by requiring new policies and background checks. It mandates that school districts adopt a student protection policy, which includes conducting fingerprint-based national criminal history background checks. These checks are required for any individual, regardless of employment status, who may have unsupervised contact with students. The bill also requires background checks for educator licensure, and non-compliant districts must submit a correction plan to the Superintendent of Public Instruction.

Topics ✓ Criminal JusticeSupports Criminal JusticeBill mandates fingerprint-based criminal history background checks for school staff/volunteers, directly using law enforcement tools to enhance student safety and prevent access by individuals with criminal records. Explicitly categorized under La...90% confidence ✓ EducationSupports EducationMandates background checks for school staff/volunteers to enhance student safety, directly protecting educational environments per bill's safety focus.95% confidence

Sub-Topics School Safety School Transportation Teachers

signed · Montana · Senate May 8, 2025

SB 282: Limit state government use of personal electronic data

SB 282 revises state and local government's ability to obtain and use electronic communications and data from electronic devices. The bill prohibits governmental entities from purchasing various types of electronic data, such as geolocation or sensitive data, without a search warrant or investigative subpoena. It generally requires a search warrant to obtain stored data from an electronic device or to compel disclosure of electronic communications from service providers, though exceptions exist for situations like owner consent or emergencies. Evidence obtained in violation of these provisions would be inadmissible, and collected communications must be deleted after the conclusion of criminal proceedings.

Topics ✓ Criminal JusticeSupports Criminal JusticeRequires warrants for government data access, protecting privacy rights and limiting law enforcement overreach in criminal investigations per Criminal Procedure subject.90% confidence ✓ TechnologySupports TechnologyRequires warrants for government access to electronic data, strengthening privacy protections per bill's core provisions on data collection limits.95% confidence

Sub-Topics Consumer Data Protection Data Privacy