Rep. Victoria Spartz

Maddy summaryThis bill mandates a study by the Government Accountability Office (GAO) to examine how specific contract clauses in health insurance agreements affect competition and costs. It focuses on "anti-steering" clauses (restricting insurers from directing patients to lower-cost providers), "anti-tiering" clauses (blocking tiered provider networks), "all-or-nothing" clauses (forcing inclusion of all providers), and "gag" clauses (preventing price transparency). The study will assess these clauses' impact on healthcare consolidation, consumer prices, access, and whether federal agencies have sufficient resources to enforce antitrust laws against them. The findings must be reported to relevant congressional committees within 18 months of the bill's enactment. This is a procedural study - no immediate policy changes are implemented by the bill itself.

Maddy summaryHR 3021, the Empowering Patient Choice of Medical Care Act, changes Medicare rules to expand access to outpatient hospital care. Starting January 1, 2026, the Health Secretary cannot block outpatient designation for a service solely because it might only be safe in an inpatient setting. This directly affects Medicare beneficiaries who would previously have been required to stay in a hospital for certain procedures now eligible for outpatient care. The bill removes a specific administrative barrier, allowing more flexibility for patients and providers without altering Medicare coverage or payment rates.

Maddy summaryThis bill requires hospitals to bill Medicare and other insurers using separate unique identifiers for off-campus outpatient departments (starting January 1, 2026), rather than treating them as part of the main hospital. It removes exceptions that allowed hospitals to bill higher rates for services at off-campus locations, mandating that these departments use specific billing forms (HIPAA X12 837P or CMS 1500) with their own identifiers. The bill directly affects hospitals operating off-campus departments, Medicare, and health insurance issuers, ensuring claims for these locations are processed accurately. It also directs the National Association of Insurance Commissioners to develop model regulations helping insurers reject improper claims. The key change is standardizing billing to prevent overcharging for off-campus services.

Maddy summaryThis bill repeals restrictions that previously prevented physicians from owning hospitals, particularly in rural areas. It amends Section 1877 of the Social Security Act to remove specific ownership prohibitions and exceptions related to rural hospitals. The key change allows physicians to directly own or invest in hospitals without needing special qualifying exceptions. This directly affects physicians seeking to own rural hospitals and rural hospitals that previously faced ownership barriers. The bill makes a concrete policy change by removing these legal barriers to physician ownership.

Sanctioning Russia Act of 2025   This bill imposes penalties on certain persons (individuals and entities) if the President determines that the Russian government or a person acting at Russia's direction is involved with (1) refusing to negotiate a peace agreement with Ukraine; (2) violating a negotiated peace agreement; (3) initiating another invasion of Ukraine; or (4) overthrowing, dismantling, or seeking to subvert the Ukrainian government.   If the President makes such a determination, the bill requires certain actions including the President must impose visa- and property-blocking sanctions on specified persons such as the Russian president, certain Russian military commanders, and any foreign person that knowingly provides defense items to the Russian armed forces; the President must increase the rate of duty on all goods and services imported from Russia into the United States to at least 500% relative to the value of such goods and services; the President must increase the rate of duty on all goods and services imported into the United States from countries that knowingly engage in the exchange of Russian-origin uranium and petroleum products to at least 500% relative to the value of such goods and services; the Department of the Treasury must impose property-blocking sanctions on any financial institution organized under Russian law and owned wholly or partly by Russia, and any financial institution that engages in transactions with those entities; and the Department of Commerce must prohibit the export, reexport, or in-country transfer to or in Russia of any U.S.-produced energy or energy product.

Maddy summaryThis bill modifies Medicare's physician self-referral rules to improve access for rural communities. It creates a new exemption for "covered rural hospitals" (defined as facilities in rural areas more than 35 miles from another hospital or critical access hospital) from certain restrictions on physicians owning hospitals. The bill also removes a prohibition on expanding existing physician-owned hospitals, allowing such expansions after the law's enactment. These changes directly affect rural hospitals seeking Medicare participation and physicians who own or operate hospitals in underserved areas.

Maddy summaryHR 2054, the VOTE Act, would prevent states from receiving federal funds for administering federal elections if they provide ballots in any language other than English. It amends the Voting Rights Act by removing current requirements that allow states to provide bilingual ballots in certain areas, eliminating the prohibition on English-only ballots for federal elections. This directly affects states that currently offer ballots in non-English languages to comply with federal language access rules. The bill changes the policy by making federal election funding contingent solely on using English ballots, without requiring multilingual options.

Maddy summaryHR 2006, the DOGE Act, makes Executive Order 14210 a permanent law. This order directs the executive branch to implement the President's "Department of Government Efficiency workforce optimization initiative." The bill directly affects federal government operations by legally binding the executive branch to follow this specific workforce optimization plan. It does not create new programs but elevates an existing executive order to statutory force.

Maddy summaryThis bill restores pension benefits for retirees affected by the termination of specific Delphi pension plans. It requires the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) to recalculate monthly benefits to the "full vested plan benefit" (the amount retirees would have received without prior reductions) and pay lump-sum payments for past underpayments, including 6% annual interest. The law applies to retirees of six Delphi pension plans, including the Delphi Hourly-Rate Employees Pension Plan and Delphi Retirement Program for Salaried Employees, who are currently receiving benefits or eligible for future payments. Payments will be funded from existing PBGC resources without changing prior asset allocations.

Maddy summaryThis bill amends federal law to require that individuals purchasing handguns from licensed dealers be at least 21 years old, removing previous exceptions that allowed sales to those under 21 for certain firearms. It directly affects anyone seeking to buy handguns from federally licensed gun sellers, raising the minimum age from 18 to 21 for these transactions. The bill also removes an existing age verification statement (requiring buyers to confirm they are 21 or older) for handgun purchases, aligning the requirement with the new age standard. Rifles and shotguns remain unaffected by this provision, as the amendment specifically targets handguns only. The bill's title referencing "voter" is unrelated to its actual provisions on firearm sales.