Sen. Cynthia M. Lummis

Maddy summaryS 213, the Main Street Tax Certainty Act, makes the qualified business income deduction permanent for small business owners. It directly affects pass-through business owners (like sole proprietors and small partnerships) who currently benefit from this tax break. The bill removes the temporary expiration of Section 199A of the tax code, providing long-term certainty for these taxpayers by ensuring they can continue deducting up to 20% of their qualified business income.

Maddy summaryThis bill modifies tax code provisions to benefit energy producers. It allows oil and gas companies to deduct intangible drilling and development costs more favorably when calculating taxable income, by disregarding depreciation and depletion expenses already reflected on their financial statements. The change applies to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2025. This directly affects domestic energy producers who incur these specific drilling costs.

Maddy summaryS 227, the PEACE Act of 2025, prohibits the use of federal education funds for curriculum, teaching, or counseling that promotes or compels specific "divisive concepts" related to race. It directly affects schools receiving federal funding under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act by banning the use of those funds for materials teaching ideas like "one race is inherently superior," that "the United States is fundamentally racist," or that individuals bear responsibility for past racial actions based solely on their race. The bill defines prohibited concepts to include race stereotyping (assigning traits to races), race scapegoating (blaming a race for problems), and claims that meritocracy is racist. This amendment to the Elementary and Secondary Education Act would require schools to avoid these specific topics when using federal education funds. The law focuses on restricting the use of federal money for certain instructional content, not on banning all discussions of race or history.

Maddy summaryThe FREE Act (S 238) changes how federal agencies issue permits by replacing discretionary, lengthy reviews with a "permitting by rule" system. Agencies must first report on all permit types, then establish clear written standards applicants certify they meet - eliminating detailed agency reviews for qualifying permits. If applicants meet all standards, permits auto-approve after 180 days unless the agency disapproves with specific reasons. This directly affects federal agencies (like the EPA or Corps of Engineers) and permit applicants (e.g., businesses, developers), shifting oversight to post-approval audits instead of pre-approval gatekeeping.

Maddy summaryThe FARM Act (S 179) amends the Defense Production Act to require the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) to review foreign investments in U.S. agricultural businesses and supply chains. It explicitly adds agricultural supply chains to the definitions of "critical infrastructure" and "critical technologies," expanding CFIUS oversight to include transactions that could result in foreign control of U.S. agriculture operations. The bill mandates a report within one year to Congress analyzing foreign investments in U.S. agriculture, potential threats to supply chains, and espionage risks targeting agricultural research or data. This law directly affects U.S. agricultural businesses and foreign entities seeking to acquire or invest in U.S. agricultural assets.

Maddy summaryThis bill requires federal agencies managing the Federal Columbia River Power System (FCRPS) to operate it according to the 2020 environmental review's "reasonable and prudent alternative." It allows limited changes to that review only for public safety, grid reliability, or if specific requirements are no longer needed, while prohibiting any new restrictions on hydroelectric power generation or Snake River navigation in Washington, Oregon, or Idaho without new federal law. The bill preserves routine operations and maintenance but mandates that structural changes or studies affecting power generation or navigation must be explicitly authorized by future legislation. It directly affects how federal agencies manage dams and river access across the Pacific Northwest.

Maddy summaryS 181 requires most federal agencies to submit zero-based budgets every six years, analyzing current operations, exploring alternatives, and ranking programs by importance. These budgets must cover the next fiscal year and the following four years, submitted to the Office of Management and Budget and congressional budget committees. Agencies (excluding Defense and the National Nuclear Security Administration) must also recommend specific program cuts totaling at least a 2% reduction in non-defense discretionary spending from the prior year. The bill directly affects how federal agencies plan and justify their funding, aiming to improve budget efficiency through systematic review.

Maddy summaryThis bill prohibits federal funds from being used for abortions or health plans covering abortion. It amends the Affordable Care Act to block premium tax credits and cost-sharing reductions for health plans that include abortion coverage (except for rape/incest cases or life-threatening conditions), and requires clear disclosure of abortion coverage and related surcharges in plan materials. The law explicitly exempts abortions performed due to rape, incest, or to preserve a mother's life, and allows separate abortion coverage using non-federal funds. It applies to all federal health programs and ACA marketplace plans, effective for plan years beginning after 2025.

Maddy summaryS 188, the Free Speech Protection Act, prohibits U.S. government employees from pressuring social media platforms or media organizations to censor constitutionally protected speech. The bill directly affects federal employees and covered platforms (including social media companies and media organizations), banning actions like directing platforms to remove content, label speech as "misinformation," or restrict user access. Key mechanisms include requiring detailed reports on government-platform communications, terminating the DHS Disinformation Governance Board, and banning federal grants related to misinformation/disinformation. The bill aims to prevent government influence over content moderation while preserving First Amendment protections.

Maddy summaryThe LICENSE Act of 2025 modifies federal regulations to expand who can administer commercial driver's license (CDL) knowledge and skills tests. It allows states or certified third-party examiners to give knowledge tests if they hold valid examiner certification and complete required training, and removes restrictions preventing states from testing CDL applicants regardless of where they live or received training. The bill directly affects state licensing agencies, third-party examiners, and CDL applicants by streamlining the testing process. The changes require the Secretary of Transportation to revise specific regulations within 90 days of enactment.