Sen. Mazie K. Hirono

Maddy summaryThis bill closes tax loopholes by equalizing excise tax rates across all tobacco products. It increases cigarette taxes to $100.66 per pack, matches pipe tobacco tax to $49.56 per pound, sets smokeless tobacco at $26.84 per pound (with a new $100.66 tax per thousand single-use units), and imposes a new tax of $50.33 per 1,810 milligrams on nicotine for vaping products. The bill also establishes an annual inflation adjustment for tax rates starting in 2026 and requires manufacturers of nicotine to pay the tax unless products are FDA-approved for medical use. These changes primarily affect tobacco manufacturers and importers who will pay higher taxes on their products.

Maddy summaryS 803, the Keep Americans Safe Act, prohibits the import, sale, manufacture, transfer, or possession of large capacity ammunition feeding devices (devices holding more than 10 rounds, excluding specific .22 caliber tubular devices) in interstate or foreign commerce. It directly affects the general public, while exempting law enforcement officers (including campus police), retired officers with agency-issued devices, nuclear security personnel, and manufacturers testing under federal authorization. Key provisions include requiring serial numbers on new devices, expanding forfeiture for violations, and allowing federal Byrne grants to fund buy-back programs for surrendered devices. The bill takes effect upon enactment, with existing devices lawfully owned before enactment remaining legal.

Maddy summarySJRES 10, introduced by Senators Kaine and Heinrich, would terminate the national emergency related to energy declared by the President on January 20, 2025, under Executive Order 14156. This resolution ends the emergency as authorized by the National Emergencies Act, removing the special legal authorities granted during the emergency period. Upon passage, federal agencies would no longer operate under the emergency framework for energy-related policies, reverting to standard regulatory processes.

This resolution recognizes Black History Month as an opportunity to reflect on U.S. history and to commemorate the contributions of African Americans. It calls for the United States to (1) honor the contribution of pioneers who helped to ensure its legacy; and (2) move forward as a nation "indivisible, with liberty and justice for all."

Maddy summaryThis resolution (SRES 93) expresses the Senate's view that the National Institutes of Health (NIH) should not face funding disruptions or operational delays that violate existing law. It specifically highlights the importance of uninterrupted NIH work on research for diseases like cancer, Alzheimer’s, diabetes, and heart disease. The resolution emphasizes that NIH scientists and researchers are essential to medical progress and public health efforts. As a symbolic resolution, it does not change funding laws or create new policies - it solely states the Senate’s position on protecting NIH operations.

Maddy summarySRES 96 is a symbolic Senate resolution designating February 24-28, 2025, as "Public Schools Week" to honor public education. It does not create new laws, allocate funding, or directly affect any specific group - it is a non-binding recognition of public schools' role in U.S. communities. The resolution includes supportive statements about public education's importance but contains no policy mechanisms or requirements. This designation is intended to raise awareness and appreciation for public schools nationwide. As a procedural resolution, it has no legal effect beyond the symbolic recognition.

Maddy summaryThis bill grants permanent residence status in the U.S. to Vichai Sae Tung (also known as Chai Chaowasaree), bypassing standard immigration rules. It allows him to be considered lawfully admitted for permanent residence upon paying required visa fees. The bill also requires the Secretary of State to reduce the number of immigrant visas available for his country of birth by one, either in the current or next fiscal year. This is a personal "relief" bill affecting only one individual, not a broad policy change.

Maddy summaryS 726, titled "Ethan's Law," requires gun owners to store firearms securely in homes where minors (under 18) or individuals ineligible to own guns (per federal/state law) reside. It makes unsecured storage unlawful if a person "knows or reasonably should know" access is possible, with exceptions for gun safes, secure locations, or carrying firearms on one's person. Violations incur $500 fines per offense, and enhanced penalties apply if injury or death occurs. The bill also creates a federal grant program to support states with similar secure-storage laws and states that non-compliance constitutes negligence. This law directly affects households with minors or prohibited individuals, aiming to reduce accidental shootings, youth access, and firearm thefts.

Maddy summaryThis bill creates a new clean fuel production tax credit for sustainable vessel fuel used in commercial ships and ferries. It defines "sustainable vessel fuel" as liquid fuel meeting strict criteria: zero emissions, not derived from palm oil or petroleum, and meeting specific environmental standards set by the Secretary. The credit extends through 2035 for this fuel type (previously expiring in 2027), directly benefiting fuel producers and commercial vessel operators who adopt qualifying sustainable fuels.

Maddy summarySRES 83 is a symbolic Senate resolution designating February 2025 as "Hawaiian Language Month" or "'Ōlelo Hawai'i Month." It recognizes the historical significance of the Hawaiian language as the Native language of Native Hawaiians and acknowledges decades of revitalization efforts, including the state's 1978 constitutional recognition of the language. The resolution commits the Senate to supporting the language's preservation per existing federal policy (the Native American Languages Act) and encourages the public to celebrate with activities, though it does not create new legal requirements or funding. This is a non-binding gesture focused on cultural recognition, not a policy change with enforceable provisions.