Rep. Michael T. McCaul

Maddy summaryHR 1154, the Stop Forced Organ Harvesting Act of 2023, targets international trafficking in organs through coercion or abuse of power. It requires annual U.S. reports assessing forced organ harvesting and trafficking in foreign countries, mandates passport denial for convicted traffickers, and authorizes sanctions including asset freezes and visa bans against foreign individuals or entities involved in these activities. The bill specifically defines "forced organ harvesting" as organ removal via coercion, abduction, deception, fraud, or abuse of power, and "trafficking in persons for organ removal" as recruiting or transporting people for that purpose. These sanctions apply to foreign actors (including non-state groups) and cover both financial transactions and entry into the U.S., with limited exceptions for humanitarian aid. The law directly affects foreign governments, entities, and individuals implicated in organ trafficking, while requiring U.S. diplomatic and enforcement mechanisms to address the issue.

Maddy summaryHR 314, the FORCE Act, prohibits the President or Secretary of State from removing Cuba from the U.S. list of state sponsors of terrorism. It requires the President to first make a specific determination under the 1996 LIBERTAD Act before Cuba can be removed. The bill directly affects Cuba (by maintaining its current designation) and the executive branch (by restricting their authority to remove the designation). This is a procedural bill focused on preserving Cuba's current status on the terrorism list until the specified conditions are met.

Maddy summaryHR 5, the Parents Bill of Rights Act, would require public schools receiving federal funding to provide parents with greater access to educational information. The bill mandates that schools post curricula online or widely distribute it to parents, include school budgets in report cards, and provide specific information about school activities including violent incidents and plans to eliminate gifted programs. It also guarantees parents the right to meet with teachers twice a year, review library materials, and address school boards. These requirements would apply to all local educational agencies and schools covered by the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. The bill amends existing education laws to strengthen parental transparency and involvement in their children's education.

Maddy summaryH.J. Res. 30 seeks to block a Department of Labor rule that would have required retirement plan managers (like those handling 401(k)s) to follow strict "prudence and loyalty" standards when selecting investments and voting on company matters. The rule, published in December 2022, aimed to protect retirement savings by ensuring fiduciaries prioritize participants' interests. This resolution, if passed, would prevent the rule from taking effect, avoiding new compliance requirements for retirement plan managers and sponsors. It directly affects retirement plan administrators and the millions of participants in these plans.

Maddy summaryHR 1093 requires the U.S. Secretary of State, with Defense Department coordination, to submit a detailed report to Congress within 90 days of enactment about implementing the AUKUS partnership's "advanced capabilities pillar." The report must include specific data on U.S. defense export license processing times for Australia and the UK (2021-2022), denial rates, ITAR violations by these nations, civil penalties assessed, and legal frameworks governing defense exports. It directly affects the State and Defense Departments, which must compile and submit this data, and impacts Australia and the UK as key partners in the trilateral security agreement. The bill focuses on transparency and administrative processes for defense cooperation, not on policy changes or outcomes.

Latin America and Caribbean Nearshoring Act This bill provides assistance to Latin American and Caribbean countries (generally excluding Cuba and Venezuela) to strengthen their critical mineral and energy supply chains, promote economic development, and advance good governance. The bill requires the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation to provide loans, equity investments, insurance, and other assistance to support the efforts of eligible countries to secure their critical mineral and energy supply chains from the control and influence of China. The corporation must also provide this assistance for other purposes such as promoting private sector long-term economic development, advancing good governance, and encouraging investment in energy infrastructure and critical mineral mining. The bill also authorizes the President to sell nuclear reactors to these countries if such a sale will not threaten U.S. national security and if certain other conditions are met (such as the purchasing country taking steps to reduce economic dependence on China). Cuba and Venezuela shall be ineligible for assistance under this bill until the Department of State certifies to Congress that the relevant country's government has taken certain actions, such as (1) holding free and fair elections, (2) upholding human rights, and (3) taking significant steps to privatize its economy.

Continuing Robust and Uninhibited Drilling and Exporting Act or the CRUDE Act This bill limits the President's authority to restrict the export of crude oil from the United States. Currently, the President may restrict the export of oil for up to a year if the President declares a national emergency; the restrictions apply to countries, persons, or organizations for reasons of national security; or the Department of Commerce finds and reports to the President that the export of crude oil has caused sustained material oil supply shortages or sustained oil prices significantly above world market levels and those shortages or price increases have caused or are likely to cause sustained material adverse employment effects. However, this bill only allows the President to make such restrictions if the restrictions apply to countries, persons, or organizations for reasons of national security; or the Department of Defense, the Department of Energy, and Commerce jointly make those findings and report them to the President and Congress.

Congressional Oversight of Russian Sanctions Act This bill requires the President to determine, within 60 days of receiving a request from Congress, whether a person (individual or entity) described in the request meets the criteria to be subject to sanctions imposed in two specified executive orders relating to Russia. The executive orders, dated April 15, 2021, and August 20, 2021, impose sanctions for certain activities including (1) efforts by Russia's government to undermine U.S. elections and democratic institutions, and (2) the construction of specified Russian energy pipelines. The President must also submit a report to Congress stating whether the President imposed or intends to impose sanctions on any person described in such a request from Congress.

This resolution supports the designation of National FFA Week. It also (1) recognizes the important role of the National FFA Organization (Future Farmers of America) in developing the next generation of leaders who will change the world, and (2) celebrates the 90th anniversary of the iconic FFA jacket.

Feral Swine Act This bill extends through FY2028 the feral swine eradication and control pilot program to respond to the threat feral swine pose to agriculture, native ecosystems, and human and animal health.