Technology

HR 1326, the DOE and USDA Interagency Research Act, requires the Energy and Agriculture Secretaries to jointly conduct collaborative research focused on shared priorities like sustainable energy, agriculture, and climate resilience. It mandates a competitive grant process for federal agencies, universities, and nonprofits to fund projects in areas such as AI for farming/energy systems, biofuels, grid security, and rural technology development. The bill also requires a report to Congress within two years detailing research coordination, achievements, and future collaboration opportunities. This legislation directly affects federal agencies, research institutions, and agricultural/energy sectors through new funding mechanisms and joint projects, without altering existing regulations or creating new mandates for the public.

The GUARD Act allows state, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies to use existing federal grant funds to investigate elder financial fraud (targeting elderly or disabled individuals), "pig butchering" scams (where victims are tricked into investing in fake crypto schemes), and general financial fraud. It requires agencies to hire specialized staff, use technology tools for tracking scams, and report annually on how funds were used and their impact on fraud statistics. The bill also mandates two key federal reports: one to Congress on scam trends and enforcement actions, and another detailing annual consumer losses and government spending on fraud prevention. These provisions aim to improve coordination between law enforcement, financial institutions, and federal agencies to combat evolving fraud schemes.

This bill establishes federal grants to support state and local governments building spaceport infrastructure for civil, national security, and commercial space launches. It sets a 90% federal funding cap for projects (with a national interest waiver option), broadens eligibility to cover all U.S. space transportation needs, and requires agencies to consult on project impacts. The bill mandates a report within two years evaluating U.S. space transportation demand and competitiveness, with updates every four years. It authorizes $10 million annually for these grants, focusing on modernizing infrastructure to support national space capabilities.

The Cell-Site Simulator Warrant Act of 2025 requires law enforcement agencies to obtain a court-issued warrant before using cell-site simulators (devices that mimic cell towers to track or intercept phone communications), with specific requirements to limit surveillance scope. Agencies must demonstrate other investigative methods have failed or would be too dangerous, specify the narrowest possible area and time frame for use, and disclose potential disruptions to emergency services like 911 calls. Exceptions exist for emergencies (requiring 48-hour warrant applications), certain research, and protective services, but information about people not under investigation must be minimized and destroyed. The bill also mandates annual reports to Congress on usage patterns and requires third-party testing of devices to verify accuracy before deployment.

This bill amends the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) to prioritize digital literacy skills in adult education programs. It defines "digital literacy skills" using existing federal standards and requires WIOA-funded programs to integrate these skills into their services for adults seeking employment, economic self-sufficiency, or community participation. Key provisions mandate that programs must now include training in digital technology use, problem-solving with digital tools, and parental support for children's learning through digital skills. The bill directly affects adult education and workforce programs serving low-income adults, job seekers, and parents across all states.

The NO FAKES Act of 2025 establishes legal rights for individuals to control how their voice and visual likeness are used in digital replicas, which are defined as highly realistic computer-generated representations readily identifiable as a specific person. The bill requires authorization from the individual or their designated right holder before using their likeness in digital replicas, with specific rules for minors (limiting licenses to 5 years) and post-mortem rights (allowing 10 years of protection with possible 5-year renewals). It creates civil liability for unauthorized use of digital replicas or for distributing products/services designed to create such replicas without authorization, with penalties ranging from $5,000 to $750,000 per violation depending on the entity involved. Online services are provided safe harbor protections if they follow procedures for handling takedown notices and have designated agents for copyright issues, while also including exemptions for news, commentary, criticism, and historical uses. The law preempts most state laws regarding digital likeness rights but has exceptions for certain historical uses, news, and sexually explicit content.

HR 4374, the American Homeowner Crypto Modernization Act of 2025, requires federal housing agencies (HUD, USDA, VA, and FHFA) to update mortgage underwriting systems within 24 months to mandate that lenders consider the value of cryptocurrency held in exchange-linked brokerage accounts when evaluating borrower credit. This directly affects homeowners and borrowers seeking mortgages who hold digital assets, as their crypto holdings would now be included in credit assessments. The key mechanism is amending automated underwriting programs to treat cryptocurrency in brokerage accounts similarly to traditional financial assets during loan approval. The bill focuses on updating existing mortgage evaluation processes, not regulating cryptocurrency itself.

This bill requires colleges and universities to improve their net price calculators - tools that help prospective students estimate actual college costs after aid. It mandates clearer website placement, detailed cost breakdowns (including tuition, room/board, books, and available aid), and data updated within two academic years. Calculators must also prominently display privacy protections, stating no personal information is sold or stored. These changes directly affect all institutions of higher education that operate such calculators, aiming to make cost estimates more transparent and user-friendly for students and families.

The Safe and Private Rides Act (S 1654) requires ride-sharing companies like Uber or Lyft to inform passengers when drivers have cameras recording in vehicles and provide a clear option to avoid those rides. Companies must register camera locations, display prominent opt-out choices in their apps, and restrict recording use to only reporting crime, insurance, or service compliance. Passengers can revoke their consent to ride in camera-equipped vehicles through an easily accessible app feature, separate from standard terms of service. The Federal Trade Commission will enforce these rules, with requirements taking effect 180 days after enactment.

This bill prohibits the Federal Reserve System from developing, testing, or issuing any central bank digital currency (CBDC) or similar digital assets. It bans the Federal Reserve from offering direct products/services to individuals, maintaining personal accounts, or issuing CBDCs either directly or through financial intermediaries. The bill also explicitly prevents the Federal Reserve Board and Federal Open Market Committee from using digital assets for monetary policy. It includes an exception for physical U.S. currency, preserving its privacy protections, and states Congress believes the Fed lacks authority to issue CBDCs without constitutional amendment.