Environment (Coastal & Flood Protection)

The ESTUARIES Act of 2025 amends Section 320(i)(1) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1330(i)(1)) to extend the National Estuary Program's authorization period from 2026 to 2031. This change directly affects the National Estuary Program, a federal initiative supporting the protection and restoration of estuaries across the United States. The key provision is a simple year adjustment in the law, altering the program's existing timeline without adding new requirements or funding. The bill focuses solely on updating the program's authorization deadline, with no additional policy changes described in the provided context.

The Resilient Coasts and Estuaries Act of 2025 establishes a new Coastal and Estuarine Resilience and Restoration Program to protect and restore coastal areas with ecological, recreational, or community value. The program prioritizes lands threatened by development, that can be restored to enhance ecosystem function, or that benefit vulnerable communities facing coastal hazards like sea level rise. It requires the designation of at least five new National Estuarine Research Reserves within eight years and authorizes $47 million annually for 2025-2029 to support these efforts. The bill also creates new requirements for public access to protected lands and establishes a graduate research fellowship program focused on coastal management. This legislation directly affects coastal communities, conservation organizations, and federal agencies managing coastal zones under the Coastal Zone Management Act.

This bill prohibits new oil and gas exploration, development, and production on the federal outer continental shelf off California, Oregon, and Washington. It amends the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act to block the Secretary from issuing any new leases or authorizations in four specific planning areas: Washington/Oregon, Northern California, Central California, and Southern California. These areas are defined by the 2023 Bureau of Ocean Energy Management leasing program. The bill directly affects oil and gas companies seeking to operate in these coastal zones, preventing new federal leasing activities.