HR 5636, the *Protect Consumers from Reallocation Costs Act of 2025*, prevents the Environmental Protection Agency from shifting renewable fuel obligations from small refineries with extended exemptions to other companies. It directly affects small refineries that have received extended exemptions under the Clean Air Act. The bill requires the EPA to include gasoline or diesel refined by these exempt refineries in the total fuel volume calculations for the year, rather than excluding it or reallocating the obligation. This change ensures small refineries’ production is counted toward overall fuel volume, preventing other entities from bearing their renewable fuel requirements. The law modifies Section 211(o)(9) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7545(o)(9)).
S 1445, the Stop Arctic Ocean Drilling Act of 2025, prohibits the U.S. government from leasing or authorizing oil and gas exploration, development, or production in Arctic areas of the outer Continental Shelf. The bill directly affects federal agencies, specifically the Secretary of the Interior, by blocking new leases or extensions for oil and gas activities in these sensitive Arctic waters. It amends the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act to add a permanent prohibition, overriding existing laws, with the Arctic defined per the 1984 Arctic Research and Policy Act. This bill would prevent future drilling permits in the Arctic Ocean region without requiring new congressional action.
This bill requires the Secretary of Energy to develop a plan increasing oil and gas leasing on federal lands (managed by Interior, Agriculture, and Defense) by the same percentage as any initial drawdown of petroleum from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. The plan must not increase leased lands by more than 10% total. It mandates consultation between energy, agriculture, and defense secretaries to create this plan before any reserve drawdown occurs. The bill directly affects federal land management agencies and the process for accessing the national oil reserve.
HJRES 90 is a congressional resolution seeking to block a Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) rule about carbon credit derivatives. It targets the CFTC’s October 2024 guidance allowing voluntary carbon credit derivative contracts to be listed on exchanges. The resolution uses a specific legal process (Chapter 8 of Title 5, U.S. Code) to formally disapprove this guidance, meaning the rule would be canceled and have no legal effect. This directly affects how carbon credit derivatives could be traded in financial markets, preventing the CFTC’s guidance from taking effect.
Securing Our Lands and Resources Act or the SOLAR Act This bill prohibits the Department of Agriculture from providing financial assistance for certain projects that would result in the conversion of covered farmland for solar energy production. Under the bill, covered farmland generally refers to prime farmland, unique farmland, and farmland that is of statewide or local importance. Conversion means any activity that results in the covered farmland no longer meeting certain requirements for agricultural production, activity, or use. The bill includes an exception for certain smaller projects that result in the conversion of (1) less than 5 acres of covered farmland, or (2) less than 50 acres of covered farmland if the majority of the energy produced by the project is for on-farm use. The bill also includes an exception for projects that have the approval or support from the local county and municipality. For these projects, the applicant must (1) develop a farmland conservation plan for the project (e.g., implementing best practices to protect future soil health and productivity), and (2) ensure that sufficient funds are provided for the decommissioning of the solar energy production system and the remediation and restoration of the farmland.
The ELITE Vehicles Act repeals federal tax credits for purchasing new electric vehicles, used clean vehicles, and commercial clean vehicles. It also eliminates the tax credit for installing electric vehicle charging infrastructure. These changes apply to vehicles purchased or with a binding contract entered into 30 days after the bill's enactment. The bill directly affects consumers and businesses that previously used these credits to offset the cost of electric vehicles and charging stations.
HR 606, the "Energy Opportunities for All Act," formally nullifies Public Land Order No. 7923. This order had withdrawn public lands surrounding Chaco Culture National Historical Park in San Juan County, New Mexico, from mineral development. The bill reverses that withdrawal, making those lands available for potential energy development. It directly affects land management decisions in that specific New Mexico area and the federal process for mineral leasing. The bill is procedural, focusing solely on repealing the prior land withdrawal order.
The ACHE Act of 2025 requires the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences to study health impacts of mountaintop removal coal mining on communities in Kentucky, Tennessee, West Virginia, and Virginia. It imposes a temporary moratorium on new federal permits for such mining until the study concludes, while mandating ongoing pollution monitoring (water, air, soil) at existing sites with public reporting of results. Coal mining companies must pay a fee to cover federal costs for the study and monitoring program. The bill directly affects coal mining operations in the specified Appalachian regions and the communities living near them, focusing on evidence-based health research and transparency.
HR 2848, the Stop Arctic Ocean Drilling Act of 2025, prohibits the federal government from issuing new oil and gas leases in Arctic federal waters. It amends the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act to ban the Secretary of the Interior from authorizing exploration, development, or production of oil, natural gas, or minerals in designated Arctic areas, overriding all other federal laws. The bill defines "Arctic" using the 1984 Arctic Research Act, focusing on federal waters off Alaska. This directly affects federal leasing decisions and prevents new drilling permits in the region.
This bill modifies tax credits for carbon capture under the Internal Revenue Code. It expands qualifying uses for carbon capture credits to include using carbon as a "tertiary injectant" in oil/gas recovery projects (with storage) and other specified methods, while increasing the credit rate from $17 to $36 per ton for eligible projects starting in 2025. The changes directly affect companies capturing carbon dioxide for storage or industrial use, making these projects more financially viable. The updated credit rates apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2024, with future rates adjusted for inflation.
