The ACE Agriculture Act reauthorizes and expands the Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act's AGARDA program, directly affecting USDA agricultural research initiatives and the scientists managing them. It increases annual funding from $50 million to $100 million for fiscal years 2027-2032 and broadens research priorities to include water conservation, greenhouse gas reduction, pest resilience, and export competitiveness. The bill removes "pilot" references throughout, clarifies reporting structures (requiring the AGARDA Director to report to the Chief Scientist), and allows flexible use of existing USDA personnel authorities. This creates a more permanent, well-funded framework for advancing agricultural technology research within the Department of Agriculture.
The Beginning Farmer Tax Incentive Act (HR 6836) creates tax benefits for beginning farmers by excluding 40% of capital gains from selling qualifying farmland and up to $25,000 annually from lease income. Qualifying farmland must have been farmed by the seller’s family for at least 5 years. Beginning farmers are defined as new individuals with 1-10 years of farming experience (reported on Schedule F), those with beginner farm loans, or those with substantial farming knowledge. The policy directly supports new agricultural entrants through targeted tax relief, applying to land used for farming with specific ownership history requirements.
This bill allows farmers who sell qualified farmland to a "qualified farmer" to exclude capital gains from their taxable income if they reinvest the proceeds into an individual retirement plan (IRA) within 60 days. To qualify, the land must have been used for farming by the seller for 10 years, and the buyer must agree in writing to maintain the land as farmland for at least 10 years. If the buyer sells the land or stops using it for farming within that decade, they must repay the excluded gains plus interest as an additional tax. The bill also temporarily increases IRA contribution limits for these reinvestments, applying to sales after the law's enactment.
This bill establishes a federal program to improve cybersecurity for rural water and wastewater systems. It directly affects rural water associations by providing technical assistance through "circuit riders" who assess security risks, develop protection protocols, and document cyber readiness. Key mechanisms include rapid threat assessments, developing security plans, and requiring annual reports on program activities. The program is funded at $10 million annually for fiscal years 2025-2029, with circuit riders needing specific cybersecurity certifications. This is a concrete policy change focused on strengthening infrastructure protection for rural communities.
The ACRE Act of 2025 excludes interest income from certain rural and agricultural loans from taxable income for specific lenders. It directly affects qualified lenders (like banks, farm credit institutions, and insurance companies) and borrowers securing loans for rural property, including single-family homes in rural areas or agricultural land. Key provisions allow lenders to not count interest on qualifying loans as taxable income, provided the loans are secured by eligible rural/agricultural property, don’t exceed $750,000 for single-family homes, and avoid "foreign adversary entities" (like China, Russia, or Iran). The bill also requires a Treasury report on the policy’s impact after five years.
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Agriculture
Rural Communities
This bill increases government support for crop insurance premiums for certain farm insurance plans. It raises the government's share to 77% for higher coverage levels and 68% for lower coverage levels under revenue or yield protection plans using enterprise or whole-farm units - up from previous rates. It also adjusts coverage requirements (lowering the minimum from 14% to 10% for some options) and increases premium subsidies for supplemental coverage from 65% to 80%. The bill requires a study on expanding supplemental coverage to larger counties, with a report due within a year of enactment.
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Agriculture
HR 1754, the FARM Act of 2025, blocks tax credits for renewable energy projects on agricultural land. It amends the tax code to deny credits under Sections 48 (solar) and 45 (wind) for public utilities installing solar or wind facilities on agricultural land as defined by existing law (Food Security Act of 1985). The bill directly affects public utilities seeking tax incentives for new renewable energy installations on farmland. The provisions apply to property placed in service after the bill's enactment date. This is a tax code change, not a new program, and does not impact individual farmers or non-public utility projects.
The RTCP Revitalization Act (S 1758) secures guaranteed annual funding for payments to geographically disadvantaged farmers and ranchers under the Commodity Credit Corporation program. It amends the 2008 Farm Bill to mandate specific funding levels: $10 million for fiscal year 2026, increasing to $15 million annually starting in 2031. The bill removes a previous funding availability condition and adds a provision ensuring no payment limits apply when sufficient funds are available. This directly affects eligible farmers in geographically disadvantaged areas by providing predictable financial support through fixed annual appropriations.
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Agriculture
The Save Our Small Farms Act of 2025 amends the Noninsured Crop Assistance Program (NCAP) to better support small-scale and diverse farming operations, including urban, small-scale, and direct-to-consumer producers. It creates a streamlined application process with reduced paperwork, offers 25% to 50% premium discounts for transitioning to whole farm revenue insurance, and extends the deadline for reporting crop losses (for hand-harvested crops) beyond 120 hours. The bill also allows remote appraisals using drone footage or photos when loss adjusters are unavailable and increases payment limits to 100% for limited resource, beginning, socially disadvantaged, and veteran farmers. Additionally, it requires USDA outreach to these groups through extension offices and state agricultural departments.
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Agriculture
This bill modifies tax credits for clean fuel production under the Internal Revenue Code. It requires that feedstocks used for qualifying clean fuel must be produced in the United States (effective after 2024), directly affecting domestic biofuel producers who previously could use foreign feedstocks. It also excludes indirect land use change emissions from calculations when determining credit eligibility (effective after 2025), extends the clean fuel production credit deadline to 2034 (from 2027), and adjusts emissions factor rounding from 0.1 to 0.01 (effective after 2024). These changes aim to prioritize U.S. agricultural production and refine emissions accounting for tax credit purposes.
