This bill creates a FEMA program providing income-based discounts to make flood insurance more affordable for qualifying policyholders. It caps annual premiums at 1% of a household's area median income for primary residences, small businesses (under 100 employees), and non-profits meeting hardship criteria. The program is funded by $250 million annually (with 95% required spending), and requires FEMA to implement monthly premium payments within 180 days. It directly affects millions of flood insurance policyholders in high-risk areas who struggle with current costs.
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Emergency Management
This bill sets a minimum 75% federal funding guarantee for fire suppression and response costs under the Stafford Act (42 U.S.C. 5187), directly affecting state, local, and Tribal fire agencies receiving disaster aid. It expands reimbursement eligibility to include predeployed fire assets (like equipment and personnel) before a formal disaster declaration. The rulemaking requirement (within 3 years) will establish criteria for potentially increasing the federal share beyond 75% in specific circumstances. The policy changes apply only to funds appropriated after the bill's enactment.
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Emergency Management
Public Safety
Tribal Nations
The READY Accounts Act creates a new tax-advantaged savings account that allows individuals to deduct up to $4,500 annually (adjusted for inflation) for contributions toward home disaster preparedness and recovery. These accounts can only be used for specific qualifying expenses, including disaster mitigation measures like reinforcing roofs, installing impact-resistant windows, or recovering from disaster damage like fire or storm. Contributions must be in cash, accounts must be administered by banks or approved entities, and distributions not used for qualifying expenses are taxable with a 20% additional tax penalty. The bill applies to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2024.
The Disaster Resiliency and Coverage Act of 2025 creates a federal program that provides grants to states and tribal governments to help homeowners in high-risk disaster areas make their homes more resilient. The program covers specific mitigation activities like reinforcing roofs, installing flood barriers, and creating fire-resistant features, with a $10,000 per household limit. Homeowners must have an adjusted gross income under $250,000 ($500,000 for joint returns) to qualify. The bill also includes tax benefits, allowing these grant amounts to be excluded from gross income and providing a 30% tax credit for qualifying mitigation expenditures.
This bill redirects unspent funds from the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) to the federal disaster relief fund. It requires transferring any unobligated USAID funds - those not yet committed to specific projects as of the bill's enactment - to support disaster response under the Robert T. Stafford Act. The change affects USAID's budget by shifting unused resources to immediate disaster relief efforts, rather than new spending. This is a procedural reallocation of existing funds, not new funding.
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Emergency Management
HR 1485, the Alien Removal Not Resort Stays Act, terminates all federal funding for FEMA's Shelter and Services Program starting upon its enactment. It redirects all unobligated funds previously allocated to this program into U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) for enforcement, detention, and removal operations. The bill directly affects FEMA's disaster shelter program and shifts its budget authority to immigration enforcement activities. This represents a concrete policy change in federal funding priorities, moving resources from disaster relief to immigration enforcement.
HR 1356, the Mudslide Recovery Act, creates a federal grant program to help communities repair damage from mudslides that occur after wildland fires. The program provides competitive grants to eligible recipients - including states, tribes, local governments, fire departments, and community non-profits in fire-risk areas - to fund innovative repair solutions. It authorizes $5 million annually from fiscal years 2026 through 2032 for the Secretaries of the Interior and Homeland Security (via FEMA) to administer the program. This bill directly affects communities impacted by post-wildfire mudslides by providing targeted funding for recovery efforts.
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Emergency Management
The State Strategic Stockpile Act of 2025 reauthorizes a federal program that provides funding to states for maintaining emergency medical supply stockpiles. It extends the funding period through fiscal year 2030 and adds requirements for states to coordinate with health officials and share best practices through state consortia. The bill mandates that states receiving funds must collaborate with healthcare and emergency management entities within their jurisdiction. This directly affects state health departments and emergency management agencies that administer medical stockpiles under the program.
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Emergency Management
HR 1668 prohibits the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) from using funds to support sheltering programs or facility improvements for U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) short-term holding facilities. It specifically cancels unused funds from two 2023 and 2024 appropriations acts that were previously allocated to FEMA for this purpose. The bill directly affects FEMA's budget authority and prevents the agency from funding non-Federal entities providing such support. This is a procedural funding change, not a new immigration policy.
This bill requires the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to annually report all federal disaster spending to Congress, covering response, recovery, and mitigation efforts across all relevant agencies. The report must detail total spending, break it down by agency and disaster type, and distinguish between loans and grants, including costs from agencies like FEMA, USDA, and the Department of Housing and Urban Development. It aims to improve budget transparency and help Congress identify cost-saving opportunities by providing a single, public source of disaster spending data. The first report is due for fiscal year 2027, with data for the prior calendar year. This is a transparency measure, not a change to how disaster aid is delivered.
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Data Reporting
Emergency Management
