HB 54 would require U.S. citizenship for individuals appointed to or serving in certain public offices within Texas state or local government, including positions on advisory boards or task forces. It applies to roles in the state executive, legislative, or judicial branches and to political subdivisions (like cities or counties), but excludes offices with constitutional qualification requirements. Current non-citizen officeholders in affected roles would lose their positions on the bill’s effective date unless they become U.S. citizens before then. The law would take effect 91 days after the end of the current legislative session.