The Earth MRI Reauthorization Act of 2026 extends funding for the Earth Mapping Resources Initiative through 2031. This program will continue to map critical minerals, geothermal energy, and natural hydrogen resources using advanced technologies like digital geochemistry and real-time data systems. The bill also updates the initiative to include data from the 3D Hydrography Program, ensuring a broader range of subsurface information is collected and analyzed.
The AI Incident Reporting Act requires artificial intelligence developers to report specific high-risk incidents to the Secretary of Commerce within seven days of discovery. These reportable events include attempts to evade oversight, unauthorized theft of model weights, capabilities that could accelerate cyberattacks or weapon development, and any incidents posing serious risks to national security or public safety. To encourage transparency, the bill provides legal protections that prevent reported information from being used against developers in lawsuits or regulatory enforcement actions, while also mandating that sensitive data be kept confidential. Developers must submit detailed descriptions of these incidents, and the government must notify key congressional leaders immediately if a report indicates an imminent threat. The Act also establishes a framework for the Secretary to define which AI models are covered and to enforce compliance through civil penalties of up to $2 million for violations.
The AI Tax Integrity Act of 2026 directs the Treasury Department to launch a pilot program using artificial intelligence to detect tax fraud, identity theft, and errors in returns prepared by third parties. This initiative is designed to target individual and business taxpayers who may file inaccurate returns, with the program running for a minimum of 18 months and a maximum of two years. Upon completion, the Comptroller General must submit a report detailing the amount of improper refunds recovered, the total government recovery, and the accuracy of the AI tools used during the pilot.
The Health and Location Data Protection Act of 2026 prohibits data brokers from buying, selling, or sharing specific types of personal information, including an individual's health data and location history. This ban applies to any entity that resells data it did not collect directly from the person, though it allows exceptions for actions compliant with existing HIPAA rules, newsworthy reporting, and disclosures where the individual has given valid consent. The Federal Trade Commission is tasked with defining exactly what counts as "data" and issuing final rules within 180 days of the law's enactment. Violations of these restrictions can lead to enforcement actions by the FTC, state attorneys general, or private individuals, potentially resulting in civil penalties of up to 15 percent of the violator's annual revenue. The legislation also includes a funding provision that appropriates $1 billion to the FTC for fiscal year 2027 to support its work under this act.
This bill establishes a pilot program under the National Institute of Standards and Technology to test voluntary methods for disclosing when content is generated or manipulated by artificial intelligence. The program requires the NIST Director to work with private companies, civil society, and academia to evaluate how users can be informed about AI interactions and to develop guidelines for such disclosures. Upon completion, the NIST Director must submit a report to Congress detailing the program's findings and offering recommendations for future action. The legislation defines key terms like artificial intelligence and content provenance to ensure clarity in the pilot's scope. Ultimately, the bill aims to explore voluntary industry standards rather than mandating immediate legal requirements for AI labeling.
The State and Local Election Security Act of 2026 establishes a new federal grant program to assist states and local governments in improving election administration and security. Under this program, eligible states receive funding based on their voting age population to modernize election infrastructure and prepare for security threats, with a requirement that states pass at least 50% of the funds to local election officials. The legislation also authorizes $5 billion in total funding over three years and directs $150 million to the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency to support the Elections Infrastructure Information Sharing and Analysis Center. Additionally, the bill expands the definition of eligible territories for election funding to include the Northern Mariana Islands and other territories with congressional delegates.
The AI Security and Innovation Act establishes a new Center for AI Security and Innovation within the National Institute of Standards and Technology to assess risks and improve the security of artificial intelligence systems. This center will evaluate threats such as data leaks and model tampering, develop voluntary safety standards, and conduct research on advanced AI capabilities developed by both U.S. and foreign entities. The bill defines key terms like "artificial intelligence model" and "covered frontier system," and authorizes $20 million annually from 2027 to 2032 to fund the center's activities. While the center director will consult with various federal agencies and AI developers, the legislation explicitly prohibits the center from having regulatory or enforcement powers. The center is authorized to operate for five years before its provisions expire.
The American Innovation and Choice Online Act targets large online platforms that dominate the U.S. market by prohibiting them from unfairly favoring their own products, restricting competitors' access to platform features, or using competitor data to compete against them. Specifically, the bill defines "systemically important platforms" as those with over $175 billion in annual revenue and at least 34 percent of U.S. users or households, placing them under strict rules against practices like tying services, manipulating search rankings, or forcing users to stay on the platform. The Federal Trade Commission and the Department of Justice are authorized to enforce these rules through civil penalties and injunctions, with a requirement that legal cases against these major platforms be resolved within one year. Additionally, the law includes specific exemptions to protect national security interests and intellectual property rights, ensuring that platforms are not required to share trade secrets or assist foreign adversaries.
The Precision Agriculture Cybersecurity Act directs federal agencies to assess cybersecurity risks facing modern farming technologies, such as sensors and data management systems. Specifically, it requires the Secretaries of Agriculture and Homeland Security to produce a public report within a year that evaluates current cyber threats, identifies planning gaps, and reviews existing funding and staff resources. The bill also mandates a study by the Government Accountability Office to examine how well different federal departments are coordinating their cybersecurity efforts in this sector. These reports will be shared with relevant congressional committees to inform future policy decisions regarding the protection of agricultural technology.
The American Drone Manufacturing Dominance Act of 2026 requires law enforcement agencies receiving federal grants to certify that they will stop buying drones from designated foreign countries by 2027 and phase out existing foreign-made drones by 2031. To support this transition, the bill establishes a buyback program that pays agencies to surrender foreign drones and offers grants to help them purchase secure, domestically produced alternatives. Additionally, the legislation provides funding to private companies to build or expand drone manufacturing facilities in the United States, with a requirement that these systems be adaptable for defense use. Non-compliant agencies face penalties including the loss of future funding and the requirement to repay previous grants, while the bill also authorizes $1.5 billion in funds derived from trade duties to finance these initiatives.
