HR 3486, the Stop Illegal Entry Act of 2025, increases penalties for certain immigration violations under the Immigration and Nationality Act. It raises the mandatory prison term for unlawful entry (Section 275) from 2 to 5 years and adds new provisions for aliens who commit crimes after entry. For reentry after removal (Section 276), it increases the base penalty to up to 10 years imprisonment, with enhanced penalties of up to 15 years for those with prior drug or violent crime convictions, and mandatory minimums of 10 years or more for those with prior aggravated felonies, multiple removals, or prior convictions for serious crimes. The bill directly affects noncitizens who enter the U.S. illegally or reenter after being removed, with penalties applying to specific categories of prior criminal conduct.
HR 1935, the Protecting Military Assets Act of 2025, adds new grounds for denying entry to the U.S. and removing non-citizens who violate military property laws. Specifically, it makes individuals inadmissible if they've been convicted of or admitted to entering military, naval, or Coast Guard property without authorization (per 18 U.S.C. § 1382). It also makes such individuals deportable if already in the U.S. The bill directly affects non-citizens convicted under this specific federal offense, strengthening immigration enforcement for violations at military sites. This is a policy change to existing immigration law, not a new criminal offense.
This bill repeals the D.C. Human Rights Sanctuary Amendment Act of 2022 (D.C. Law 24-257), restoring the District of Columbia's prior legal framework regarding immigration enforcement. It directly affects D.C. residents and local government operations by eliminating the 2022 law's restrictions on cooperating with federal immigration authorities. The key mechanism is a straightforward repeal, meaning all provisions of the 2022 law are removed and previous laws governing immigration enforcement in D.C. are reinstated as if the amendment never existed.
The STOP MADNESS Act (S 363) proposes imposing U.S. economic sanctions on foreign governments and entities that resist repatriating migrants who entered the U.S. unlawfully or knowingly facilitate such immigration. It would block financial transactions with U.S. financial systems for targeted foreign governments and foreign persons meeting specific criteria, including those obstructing U.S. repatriation efforts or aiding illegal immigration. The bill requires the President to submit annual reports to Congress detailing sanctions actions and enforcement, with a 7-year reporting period. It defines key terms like "knowingly" and specifies exemptions for intelligence and law enforcement activities.
HR 4080, the GUARD Act, amends the Posse Comitatus Act to allow National Guard members to assist with immigration enforcement under specific conditions: when ordered by a state governor or when performing duties under federal law exclusively for enforcing immigration laws (including apprehension, detention, or removal of undocumented individuals) or border security operations. It also adds a new federal criminal provision (Section 119A) making it a crime to assault, resist, or interfere with U.S. immigration officers or state/local officers acting under federal authority in immigration enforcement, with penalties ranging from 5 years to life imprisonment depending on injury or death. The bill directly affects National Guard personnel conducting immigration-related duties and individuals who threaten or harm immigration enforcement personnel. These changes clarify legal authority for immigration enforcement operations and increase penalties for violence against such personnel.
HR 2090 requires U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to hold any individual encountered at the border in custody until they cross-reference that person's name against the federal terrorist screening database and receive a result. This directly affects all aliens (non-citizens) processed by CBP at U.S. borders. The key mechanism mandates this database check as a mandatory step before releasing an individual, replacing previous procedures. The bill defines the "terrorist screening database" as specified under the Homeland Security Act of 2002.
HR 756, the 287(g) Program Protection Act, makes it easier for state and local law enforcement agencies to partner with federal immigration authorities under the 287(g) program. It requires the Secretary of Homeland Security to enter written agreements with any state or local agency that requests participation within 90 days, prohibits arbitrary denials without 180 days' notice to Congress, and bans termination of existing agreements without compelling reasons and 180 days' notice. The bill also mandates uniform federal training standards for participating officers, requires annual reports on program performance (including apprehensions, removals, and compliance), and establishes dedicated funding for the program. This directly affects state and local police departments seeking to enforce federal immigration laws within their jurisdictions.
HR 57, the "Ending Catch and Release Act of 2025," changes U.S. immigration enforcement for individuals apprehended at the border who request asylum. It prohibits immigration officers from releasing these individuals into the United States while their asylum claims are processed, requiring instead either detention for immigration court proceedings or immediate return to the border territory (like Mexico) for asylum consideration. The bill mandates that if an individual cannot be removed within 72 hours, they must remain detained until removal occurs, with no exception for parole. This directly affects asylum seekers arriving by land from contiguous foreign territories who are processed under Section 235 of the Immigration and Nationality Act.
This bill imposes a hiring freeze on U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), prohibiting the use of federal funds to hire new employees or transfer existing federal workers to ICE. The freeze begins upon the bill's enactment and automatically ends when Congress passes a specific law overriding it. It directly affects ICE's staffing capabilities by halting new appointments and transfers using federal funding. The measure is procedural, focusing solely on restricting hiring authority without altering immigration enforcement policies.
HR 992, the PATROL Act, prohibits the federal Attorney General from suing states that build border barriers (like walls or fences) to prevent illegal entry or protect state territory. It specifically blocks civil lawsuits under existing border laws (33 U.S.C. 401/403) against states for such barrier projects. The bill defines key terms like "barrier" (including walls or fences) and "immigration laws" to clarify its scope. This directly affects states constructing border infrastructure and limits federal legal actions against those efforts. The bill does not create new border policies but changes the legal landscape for state-led border security measures.