Healthcare (Mental Health)

The Rural Emergency Hospital Designation Improvement Act expands eligibility for facilities to convert into rural emergency hospitals by relaxing certain operational requirements and clarifying rules for units providing psychiatric, rehabilitation, or obstetric care. It establishes a new payment structure that increases reimbursement by 5 percent for diagnostic laboratory tests starting in 2027 and allows these hospitals to use swing beds for extended care services. The legislation also ensures that rural emergency hospitals are recognized as health professional shortage areas to attract medical staff and includes their services in Medicaid coverage plans. Additionally, the bill permits facilities that revert to critical access hospital status to regain their previous necessary provider designation and makes them eligible for specific improvement grants.

The Justice for Incarcerated Moms Act aims to improve maternal health outcomes for pregnant and postpartum individuals in the criminal justice system by restricting financial incentives for states that use restraints on pregnant inmates. Under the bill, states receiving federal justice grants would face a 25 percent funding penalty if they fail to implement laws limiting the use of shackles on pregnant individuals, with those withheld funds redirected to compliant states. The legislation also directs the Bureau of Prisons and the Department of Justice to create and fund programs in at least six federal facilities and across various state and local prisons that provide specialized prenatal care, mental health support, and reentry assistance. These programs are designed to address specific health disparities, particularly for racial and ethnic minority groups, by offering culturally competent care, nutrition counseling, and opportunities to maintain contact with newborn children. Additionally, the act requires an independent oversight organization to monitor program implementation and mandates a Government Accountability Office report to analyze maternal and infant health data within the correctional system.

The Increasing Mental Health Options Act of 2026 expands Medicare coverage and oversight rules to include clinical psychologists in rural and underserved areas. Starting in 2026, clinical psychologists working in designated health professional shortage areas will receive an additional 10 percent payment for services provided to Medicare beneficiaries. The bill also removes certain federal restrictions that previously limited the types of care clinical psychologists could provide in outpatient rehabilitation, skilled nursing, partial hospitalization, home health, and inpatient psychiatric settings. These changes allow psychologists to supervise or provide care directly in these facilities as long as state laws permit it, while maintaining existing requirements for consultation with physicians.

This bill allows rural law enforcement agencies with fewer than 50 officers to receive free training grants from the Department of Justice. Instead of applying directly, these agencies can pool their funding with neighboring departments to hire accredited nonprofit organizations to deliver the training. The program specifically covers topics such as de-escalation, officer wellness, leadership, and handling situations involving mental health crises or domestic violence. By simplifying the application process and removing reporting burdens, the legislation aims to help smaller agencies access resources they previously lacked.

The Addictive Design Act of 2026 aims to protect youth under 18 from potential mental health risks associated with artificial intelligence chatbots by banning specific features designed to create emotional attachments. To support this goal, the bill establishes a government task force to study these impacts and provides funding for research and educational outreach to parents and teachers. The legislation also mandates that companies offering AI chatbots to minors must use age verification technology and delete user data within 24 hours. Companies that fail to comply with the ban on addictive design features or data privacy requirements face civil penalties of up to $10 million or $5,000 per violation, respectively.

The Improving CARE for Youth Act modifies Medicaid rules to allow payment for mental health, substance use disorder, and primary care services provided on the same day within the same clinic or health center. This change directly affects youth and adults receiving care by removing previous restrictions that often prevented billing for these combined visits. The bill defines "same-day qualifying services" to include scenarios where a patient sees both a primary care provider and a mental health specialist in one visit, or vice versa, at facilities like Federally qualified health centers or physician offices. By updating the Social Security Act, the legislation aims to streamline access to coordinated care without imposing new limitations on how these services are billed.

The CARE for Mental Health Professionals Act creates a federal grant program to support states that have joined interstate agreements allowing mental health counselors to practice across state lines. These grants will help fund the organizations that manage these agreements and provide financial incentives for counselors to work in areas with a shortage of mental health professionals. The legislation authorizes up to $4 million per year from 2027 to 2030 to fund these projects and defines eligible recipients as state licensing boards or interstate compact commissions.

The Health Claim Denial Transparency Act requires group health plans to include detailed data in their annual reports, specifically detailing the number of claims submitted, approved, denied, and appealed. This reporting covers various claim types, including prescription drugs, mental health services, cancer treatments, and those processed using artificial intelligence, while also specifying the reasons for denials such as lack of prior authorization or medical necessity. The law applies to plans with fewer than 100 participants and includes an exception for small plans that handle very few specific types of claims to avoid excessive administrative burdens. By mandating this disclosure, the bill aims to increase visibility into how health plans process and reject medical benefit requests.

The Turn the Tide Act primarily increases federal funding for substance use disorder treatment, prevention, and recovery services, directing billions of dollars to states, tribes, and local organizations for the years 2027 through 2030. Key provisions include expanding Medicaid coverage for mental health and behavioral health services, removing insurance barriers to medication-assisted treatment, and limiting cost-sharing requirements for opioid overdose reversal medications. The bill also establishes new grant programs to support recovery housing, train first responders, and assist law enforcement with mental health and wellness initiatives. Additionally, it targets funding toward states with the highest rates of drug overdose deaths and extends existing waivers to improve Medicaid delivery systems in those areas.

The Safeguard Kids Act amends the Elementary and Secondary Education Act to require schools to teach students about the dangers and responsible use of artificial intelligence technologies, including chatbots. It also mandates that schools provide counseling for mental health issues that may arise from a student's use of these AI tools. By adding these specific requirements to existing education funding provisions, the bill directly affects elementary and secondary schools receiving federal support. The legislation defines artificial intelligence chatbots as systems that engage in interactive, natural-language communication with users.