Criminal Justice (Courts)

in committee · Tennessee · Senate May 27, 2025

SB 963: Criminal Procedure - As enacted, increases from 11 months and 29 days to two years from the date of arrest the time within which misdemeanor charges against a defendant who has been found incompetent must be retired unless the defendant is restored to competency; adds to present law that, when a defendant whose misdemeanor charges were retired due to a finding of incompetency is released into the community, the chief officer is required to notify the court of the defendant's discharge and provide the court and the sheriff with an outpatient treatment plan that accounts for the safety of the community. - Amends TCA Title 33; Title 40 and Title 52.

SB 963 extends the deadline for filing misdemeanor charges against defendants found incompetent to stand trial from 11 months and 29 days to two years after arrest. If charges are dismissed due to ongoing incompetence, the chief officer must notify the court of the defendant's release and provide an outpatient treatment plan addressing community safety. The bill directly affects misdemeanor defendants declared incompetent, requiring courts and sheriffs to receive updated discharge and treatment information. These changes amend Tennessee law in Titles 33, 40, and 52 to improve coordination during the competency process.

Topics ✓ Criminal JusticeSupports Criminal JusticeBill extends time for misdemeanor charges against incompetent defendants and mandates outpatient treatment plans for community safety, promoting reform by balancing defendant rights and public safety.90% confidence

Sub-Topics Courts Law Enforcement

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in committee · Tennessee · House Apr 30, 2025

HB 1315: DUI Offenses - As enacted, requires an ignition interlock provider to permit a person to appear for calibration, monitoring, or inspection of the device at any time within a two-week period; authorizes a court to order reinstatement of a person’s driver license if the person has no other revocations or suspensions on the person’s driving record and the person’s only noncompliance with ignition interlock requirements has been with regard to the required calibration, monitoring, or inspection of the ignition interlock device; makes various other changes in regard to ignition interlock devices and the ignition interlock usage period. - Amends TCA Section 55-10-417 and Section 55-10-425.

HB 1315 modifies Tennessee's ignition interlock device laws to provide flexibility for drivers. It allows people with ignition interlock requirements to attend device calibration, monitoring, or inspection at any time within a 14-day window (7 days before or after their scheduled appointment) without penalty. The bill also creates a new provision for active-duty military members deployed outside Tennessee for over 30 days, enabling them to temporarily pause their ignition interlock period by submitting military orders. Courts can reinstate driver licenses if the only noncompliance was with device appointments and the driver has no other license restrictions. These changes apply to all drivers required to use ignition interlock devices under Tennessee law.

Topics ✓ Criminal JusticeSupports Criminal JusticeBill provides flexibility for DUI offenders to comply with ignition interlock requirements without penalty, reducing unnecessary license suspensions and supporting rehabilitation-focused criminal justice reform.85% confidence

Sub-Topics Courts

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signed · Tennessee · House May 27, 2025

HB 1200: Tennessee Bureau of Investigation - As enacted, enacts "Savanna's Law," which creates a registry of persistent domestic violence offenders; requires the bureau to maintain the registry. - Amends TCA Title 18; Section 38-6-103; Title 39 and Title 40.

HB 1200, known as "Savanna's Law," creates a public online registry for "persistent domestic violence offenders" in Tennessee. This applies to individuals convicted of domestic violence offenses with at least one prior conviction against a domestic abuse victim, as defined in the bill. The Tennessee Bureau of Investigation (TBI) must maintain the registry using court-provided data (name, date of birth, conviction details, and photos), excluding sensitive information like addresses. The registry becomes accessible online after January 1, 2026, with names automatically removed 2-10 years after the most recent conviction based on prior offense counts.

Topics ✓ Criminal JusticeSupports Criminal JusticeCreates public registry for persistent domestic violence offenders, enhancing public safety and law enforcement tracking to prevent recidivism, aligning with criminal justice reform goals.95% confidence

Sub-Topics Courts Domestic Violence

signed · Tennessee · Senate May 15, 2025

SB 1089: Courts, Municipal - As enacted, increases from $1.00 to $2.00 the amount of funds from the court costs collected in municipal court cases that must be forwarded by the municipal court clerk to the state treasurer for deposit and credited to the account for the administrative office of the courts for the sole purpose of defraying the administrative director's expenses in providing training and continuing education courses for municipal court judges and municipal court clerks. - Amends TCA Title 16, Chapter 18 and Title 17, Chapter 3.

SB 1089 increases the mandatory court fee amount from $1.00 to $2.00 per municipal court case that must be forwarded by municipal court clerks to the state treasurer. The funds are specifically designated to cover administrative costs for training and continuing education programs for municipal court judges and clerks. This change, effective July 1, 2025, modifies Tennessee law (TCA Titles 16 and 17) to provide additional funding for judicial and clerical professional development. The bill directly affects municipal court operations and the administrative office of the courts, with no changes to the fee structure for case participants.

Topics ✓ Criminal JusticeSupports Criminal JusticeFunds judicial training for municipal court staff, enhancing court operations within criminal justice system per bill's explicit purpose.85% confidence

Sub-Topics Courts

in committee · Tennessee · House May 2, 2025

HB 583: Evidence - As enacted, permits the introduction into evidence of a video recording of a child victim being interviewed by a forensic interviewer regarding sexual or physically violent contact with the child if the forensic interviewer confirms the accuracy of the recording and the child is available for cross examination; makes other changes relative to forensic interviews. - Amends TCA Title 24, Chapter 7.

HB 583 allows video recordings of child forensic interviews (in cases involving sexual or physical violence) to be used as court evidence, provided a trained interviewer confirms the recording's accuracy and the child is available for cross-examination by the defense. It amends Tennessee evidence law to require the child or interviewer to verify the recording's truthfulness under oath. The bill specifically clarifies that interviews conducted by qualified child advocacy centers (meeting certain standards) or federal agencies are admissible. This directly affects child victims in criminal cases where such video evidence is relevant, ensuring their statements can be presented without requiring repeated testimony.

Topics ✓ Criminal JusticeSupports Criminal JusticeAllows child forensic interview videos as evidence with safeguards, protecting victims' rights while maintaining defendant cross-examination, aligning with victim-centered criminal justice reform.95% confidence

Sub-Topics Courts

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in committee · Tennessee · House Mar 25, 2025

HB 358: Bail, Bail Bonds - As introduced, requires a court or magistrate to impose global positioning monitoring as a condition of release for a defendant accused of certain offenses, unless the court or magistrate enters written findings that the defendant does not pose a threat to the victim or public safety; requires the administrative office of the courts to compile an annual report of the number of defendants subject to such an order. - Amends TCA Title 39; Title 40; Title 55; Chapter 969 of the Public Acts of 2024 and Chapter 1033 of the Public Acts of 2024.

HB 358 requires Tennessee courts to mandate GPS monitoring as a condition of bail for defendants charged with specific offenses - including gun-related crimes, domestic assault, vehicle burglaries, reckless driving, drag racing, or repeat offenses - unless the court issues written findings that the defendant poses no threat to victims or public safety. The bill applies to defendants arrested for offenses listed in Section 1(b), such as those involving firearms, serious injury, or domestic violence. Courts must report monthly data on GPS monitoring cases to the Administrative Office of the Courts, which will compile an annual report for legislative committees by July 1 each year. The law takes effect July 1, 2025, and does not alter existing bail procedures for other offenses.

Topics ✗ Criminal JusticeOpposes Criminal JusticeMandates GPS monitoring for high-risk defendants, restricting release conditions without presumption of safety, reducing defendant rights per bill language.85% confidence

Sub-Topics Courts Domestic Violence Firearms

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signed · Tennessee · Senate May 15, 2025

SB 392: Criminal Offenses - As enacted, creates the offense of human smuggling; makes related changes. - Amends TCA Title 39.

SB 392 creates a new Class E felony offense for "human smuggling" in Tennessee, defined as knowingly transporting 10+ adults or 5+ minors across state lines while concealing them from immigration authorities, with knowledge they entered the U.S. illegally. It also establishes a Class A misdemeanor for harboring undocumented immigrants (a $1,000 fine per person). The law amends Tennessee Code to include human smuggling under "human trafficking offenses" and grants the Attorney General authority to seek court orders dissolving organizations involved in these crimes. The bill takes effect July 1, 2025.

Topics ✗ Criminal JusticeOpposes Criminal JusticeBill creates new felony/misdemeanor offenses for human smuggling and harboring undocumented immigrants, expanding criminalization without reform measures. Aligns with 'oppose' indicators of increased penalties.90% confidence ✗ ImmigrationOpposes ImmigrationCreates Class E felony for human smuggling and Class A misdemeanor for harboring undocumented immigrants, increasing state-level immigration enforcement penalties.92% confidence

Sub-Topics Courts Human Trafficking

in committee · Tennessee · House Apr 29, 2025

HB 361: Orders of Protection - As enacted, expands the courts in Shelby County that can hear a petition for an order of protection to include a criminal court when the criminal court is hearing a criminal matter involving a domestic abuse victim, sexual assault victim, or stalking victim; makes related changes. - Amends TCA Title 16; Title 18 and Title 36.

HB 361 expands which Tennessee courts can handle protection order petitions for victims of domestic abuse, sexual assault, or stalking. It allows criminal courts to issue these orders when they are already hearing the related criminal case, instead of requiring victims to seek separate proceedings in general sessions court. This change applies statewide to courts handling such cases, streamlining the process for victims. The bill amends Tennessee Code sections 16-3-601, 18, and 36 to reflect this court jurisdiction update.

Topics ✓ Criminal JusticeSupports Criminal JusticeExpands court access for victims of domestic abuse/sexual assault/stalking, streamlining protection orders within existing criminal cases to improve victim safety and system efficiency in criminal justice.95% confidence

Sub-Topics Courts Domestic Violence Violent Crime

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in committee · Tennessee · House Apr 15, 2026

HB 184: Criminal Offenses - As introduced, creates a Class C felony of reckless endangerment involving community terrorism, which is committed against a population within a geographic territory by members of a criminal gang or within 1,000 feet of a school or park; requires the sentencing court to revoke or prohibit the issuance of a driver license to individuals convicted of such offense for a five-year period following conviction. - Amends TCA Title 39, Chapter 13 and Title 40, Chapter 35.

HB 184 creates a new Class C felony for reckless endangerment classified as "community terrorism," defined as gang-related acts against populations in a geographic area or within 1,000 feet of schools, parks, or other public spaces like libraries. Convicted individuals face a mandatory 5-year driver's license revocation or prohibition (with limited exceptions for work/medical needs), plus GPS monitoring to enforce geographic restrictions near the crime site. The law applies specifically to offenses committed by criminal gang members or near protected locations, requiring courts to order these penalties alongside sentencing. Reinstatement of a driver's license is only possible after five years, with strict requirements for restricted use and court approval.

Topics ✗ Criminal JusticeOpposes Criminal JusticeCreates new felony with mandatory 5-year license revocation and GPS monitoring for gang-related acts near schools, expanding criminalization and increasing penalties.92% confidence

Sub-Topics Courts Sentencing

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in committee · Tennessee · Senate Feb 12, 2025

SB 1131: Orders of Protection - As introduced, allows a court to issue an emergency protection order upon a finding that a person poses an imminent risk of harm to the person or others if allowed to purchase or possess a firearm; authorizes a family member, household member, intimate partner, or law enforcement officer to petition for such an order. - Amends TCA Title 36 and Title 39.

SB 1131 would allow Tennessee courts to issue emergency protection orders prohibiting individuals from purchasing or possessing firearms when a family member, household member, intimate partner, or law enforcement officer files a petition alleging an imminent risk of harm. The order would take effect immediately, with a court hearing required within 30 days to extend it for up to one year if the petitioner proves the risk by a preponderance of evidence. Petitioners would not pay court costs, fees, or related expenses, and law enforcement must report the order to national databases. This bill amends Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 39, Chapter 17, to establish this process.

Topics ✓ Criminal JusticeSupports Criminal JusticeBill strengthens firearm restrictions in domestic violence cases via emergency protection orders, aligning with criminal justice reform goals to prevent harm and enhance victim safety.95% confidence

Sub-Topics Courts Domestic Violence Firearms

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