Foreign government adversaries; alien and foreign government adversary ownership; foreign government adversary; mineral ownership; effective date.
HB 3431 restricts ownership of rare earth mineral rights in Oklahoma by foreign governments designated as adversaries. The bill amends existing law to specifically replace "oil" with "rare earth minerals" in ownership restrictions, focusing on critical minerals vital for technology and defense. It directly affects foreign entities classified as adversaries under state law, preventing them from holding mineral rights for rare earth resources. The key mechanism establishes new ownership limitations for these minerals, though the bill does not define which foreign governments qualify as "adversaries." The amendment clarifies the bill's scope to rare earth minerals, excluding oil and other resources.
Bill status
signed
all 5 stages cleared
Introduction
Feb 2026
Committee Review
May 2026
House Passage
May 2026
Senate Passage
Apr 2026
Signed into Law
May 2026
Introduced Feb 2, 2026
Signed May 12, 2026
Maddy AI version diff · 8 comparisons
What changed between versions
Floor (House)
→
Floor (Senate)
·
4 edits
MODERATE
The bill was amended to broaden the list of prohibited entities from just 'foreign government adversaries' to include 'foreign terrorist organizations' and 'foreign government enterprises.' Additionally, the definition of 'foreign government adversary' was updated to include countries designated as 'hostile' or 'Countries of Particular Concern' by the U.S. Secretary of State, expanding the scope of restricted land ownership.
Scope change
The bill's scope expanded to include foreign terrorist organizations and foreign government enterprises, and the definition of foreign government adversaries was broadened to include hostile nations and Countries of Particular Concern.
DEFINITION
The definition of 'foreign government adversary' was updated to include governments designated as 'hostile' or 'Countries of Particular Concern' by the U.S. Secretary of State.
ELIGIBILITY
The prohibition on acquiring land title or leasehold interests was extended to include 'foreign terrorist organizations' (FTOs) designated by the U.S. Secretary of State.
New language prohibits 'foreign government enterprises' (business entities with controlling interests held by foreign government adversaries) from acquiring title to or leasing land or critical minerals.
REQUIREMENT
The requirement for deeds to include an affidavit attesting to compliance was updated to explicitly mention FTOs and SDNs alongside foreign government adversaries.
Floor votes · Senate Apr 29, 2026 · House Mar 23, 2026
How they voted
44–0
Passed · 6 other
Total votes 50
Apr 29, 2026
D
Democratic9
77% Yea
R
Republican41
90% Yea
Vote distribution
All Yea
All Nay
Mixed
No data
Full legislative history
Actions timeline
Total actions
31
Key actions
10
Committee
7
May 12, 2026
Signed into law
Approved by Governor 05/11/2026
lower
May 6, 2026
Committee
Referred for enrollment
lower
May 6, 2026
Lower · Passed
Fourth Reading, Measure passed: Ayes: 91 Nays: 0
lower
May 6, 2026
Lower · Passed
SA's read, adopted
lower
Apr 29, 2026
Upper · Passed
Engrossed to House
upper
Apr 29, 2026
Committee
Referred for engrossment
upper
Apr 29, 2026
Upper · Passed
Measure passed: Ayes: 43 Nays: 0
upper
Apr 21, 2026
Upper · Passed
Reported Do Pass, amended by committee substitute Judiciary committee; CR filed
upper
Mar 24, 2026
Introduced
First Reading
upper
Mar 24, 2026
Lower · Passed
Engrossed, signed, to Senate
lower
Mar 23, 2026
Committee
Referred for engrossment
lower
Mar 23, 2026
Lower · Passed
Third Reading, Measure passed: Ayes: 93 Nays: 0
lower
Mar 3, 2026
Lower · Passed
CR; Do Pass, amended by committee substitute Government Oversight Committee
lower
Feb 4, 2026
Lower · Passed
Policy recommendation to the Government Oversight committee; Do Pass State Powers
lower
Feb 3, 2026
Committee
Referred to State Powers
lower
Feb 2, 2026
Introduced
First Reading
lower
2 primary · 0 co-sponsors
Sponsors
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