Disaster preparedness: urban retail water suppliers and public water systems: wildfire.
Summary
Existing law, the California Emergency Services Act, requires all public water systems, as defined, with 10,000 or more service connections to review and revise their disaster preparedness plans in conjunction with related agencies, including, but not limited to, local fire departments and the Office of Emergency Services, to ensure that the plans are sufficient to address possible disaster scenarios. A person, as defined, who violates the provisions of this act is guilty of a misdemeanor. This bill, beginning January 1, 2028, would require all urban retail water suppliers, as defined, serving 3,300 or more persons and serving a high or very high fire hazard severity zone to include incident-specific response procedures for wildfires as part of their disaster preparedness plans, including any applicable emergency response plan as required by federal law. The bill would require these plans to include, among other things, mitigation actions, including actions, procedures, and equipment, that can obviate or significantly lessen the impact of a wildfire on the water system and the supply of drinking water provided by the water supplier. Because violation of these requirements by certain urban retail water suppliers would constitute a misdemeanor, the bill would expand the scope of a crime, thereby imposing a state-mandated local program. This bill would prohibit anything, including any other law, from imposing a duty on public water systems, including wholesale water systems, to design, construct, or maintain a water system for wildfire defense or suppression. The bill would further prohibit the failure of an urban retail water supplier to implement or comply with any of the incident-specific response procedures developed pursuant to the above requirements or the inability of any public water system to maintain water supply or water pressure during a wildfire from being considered a substantial cause of the damages resulting from a wildfire. The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement. This bill would provide that no reimbursement is required by this act for a specified reason. Existing constitutional provisions require that a statute that limits the right of access to the meetings of public bodies or the writings of public officials and agencies be adopted with findings demonstrating the interest protected by the limitation and the need for protecting that interest. This bill would make legislative findings to that effect.
The August 17 amendment to SB 1153 adds a minimum size threshold requiring urban retail water suppliers to serve at least 3,300 persons before they must develop wildfire-specific disaster preparedness plans. It also removes a standalone provision stating that wildfire spread is not an inherent risk of water system design, and consolidates the liability protection language into a single subsection.
Scope change
Narrowed from all urban retail water suppliers serving high or very high fire hazard severity zones to only those serving 3,300 or more persons in such zones, excluding smaller water systems from the compliance requirement.
ELIGIBILITY
Added a requirement that urban retail water suppliers must serve 3,300 or more persons to be subject to the wildfire preparedness plan mandate. Previously, all urban retail water suppliers serving a high or very high fire hazard severity zone were covered regardless of size.
REQUIREMENT
Removed the standalone provision stating that 'the spread of wildfire shall not be considered an inherent risk presented by the deliberate design, construction, or maintenance of a public water system.' This language provided an additional legal shield for water systems in wildfire liability cases.
TECHNICAL
Consolidated the 'not a substantial cause' liability protection language that was previously split across two separate subsections into a single provision (new subdivision (b)), and corrected a subsection numbering error present in the prior version.
The June 22 amendment to SB 1153 strengthens legal protections for public water systems against wildfire-related liability by adding 'notwithstanding any other law' language that preempts any other statute from imposing wildfire defense or suppression duties on water systems. It also expands the immunity provision to explicitly state that neither a supplier's failure to comply with plan requirements nor any public water system's inability to maintain supply or pressure during a wildfire constitutes a substantial cause of wildfire damages. Assembly Member McKinnor was added as a coauthor.
SCOPE
The no-duty provision now begins with 'Notwithstanding any other law,' meaning it explicitly overrides any other state or local law that might require water systems to be designed, constructed, or maintained for wildfire defense or suppression. This is a significant strengthening from the prior version which only said 'Nothing in this section shall be interpreted to impose a duty.'
Assembly Member McKinnor was added as a coauthor, indicating additional legislative support for the bill.
REQUIREMENT
The immunity clause was expanded. Previously it only protected against liability when a supplier failed to implement plan actions. Now it also explicitly states that the inability of any public water system (not just urban retail suppliers) to maintain water supply or pressure during a wildfire is not a substantial cause of wildfire damages. This broadens protection to wholesale water systems as well.
TECHNICAL
The summary/description section was reorganized and expanded to reflect the new 'notwithstanding any other law' language and the broadened immunity provision. The text now explicitly states the bill 'would prohibit anything, including any other law, from imposing a duty on public water systems.'
There appears to be a drafting error in the new immunity provision: it uses 'Neither...nor...shall not be considered a substantial cause,' which is a double negative that would technically mean both ARE substantial causes. The intended meaning is clearly that neither should be considered a substantial cause.
08/17/26 - Amended Assembly→SB1153·3 edits
MINOR
This diff represents the transition of SB 1153 from its final amended assembly version to the enrolled version after passage in both chambers (Assembly August 27, Senate August 30, 2026). No substantive policy changes were made; the bill text is identical. The differences are limited to formatting (print document converted to web page layout), removal of 'as amended' from the digest title, and addition of legislative status information.
TECHNICAL
The bill moved from 'Amended Assembly' status to 'Enrolled' status, reflecting final passage in both chambers. No operative language was changed.
The digest title changed from 'SB 1153, as amended, Caballero' to 'SB 1153, Caballero', dropping the 'as amended' designation now that the bill is enrolled.
Web page navigation elements and legislative status metadata (passage dates, version history) were added as part of the online presentation format.
The April 28 amendment to SB 1153 adds a new requirement for urban retail water suppliers to assess the resilience of critical infrastructure (water pumps, tanks, backup power) in high fire hazard zones, mandates that wildfire response plans be shared with county emergency services offices, adds a confidentiality provision protecting those plans under the Public Records Act, and includes a new Section 4 with legislative findings justifying that confidentiality limitation. Senator Rubio was added as coauthor.
REQUIREMENT
New requirement in paragraph (a)(2)(B)(ii) for urban retail water suppliers to assess the resilience of critical infrastructure in high or very high fire hazard severity zones, including identification of water pumps, water tanks, and backup electrical generation equipment, plus evaluation of fire hardening measures and alternative emergency power sources such as onsite generators, portable generators, or alternative water sources.
New paragraph (a)(4) requires urban retail water suppliers to provide their wildfire incident response procedures to the county Office of Emergency Services, subject to confidentiality provisions.
Paragraph (a)(2)(C) now specifically includes a plan to prepare water tanks during a red flag warning as part of wildfire response actions.
ENFORCEMENT
New paragraph (a)(3) establishes that the plan requirements do not change the confidentiality level for information provided, preserving the right to withhold or redact records under California Public Records Act exceptions.
Section 2(c) was reworded to clarify that an urban retail water supplier meeting the criteria in paragraph (1) is required to include incident-specific response procedures, and that failure to implement or comply with any actions in subdivision (a) shall not be considered a substantial cause of wildfire damages.
SCOPE
New Section 4 adds legislative findings that the bill limits the public's right of access to meetings and writings of public bodies under Article I, Section 3 of the California Constitution, justifying the limitation by stating that disclosure of operational and critical infrastructure information could increase risk of misuse by malicious actors.
DEFINITION
Section 2(d) now references the definition of public water system function as described by subdivision (h) of Section 116275 of the Health and Safety Code and any other applicable laws governing system operations, narrowing the negligence liability carve-out.
The Assembly amended SB 1153 to strengthen wildfire preparedness requirements for urban retail water suppliers by adding a mandatory five-year plan review cycle, expanding the list of critical infrastructure to include pipelines, and requiring risk assessment of wildfire threats to that infrastructure. The Assembly also narrowed what must be shared with county emergency services (limiting it to incident-specific response procedures under paragraph 2(1) rather than all of paragraph 2) and softened mandatory compliance language in the liability protection section.
REQUIREMENT
Added a new requirement that urban retail water suppliers meeting the criteria must review their disaster preparedness plans at least once every five years and update them as necessary.
Added a requirement that the resilience assessment must 'assess the risk wildfire poses to the identified critical infrastructure,' which was not in the prior version.
Removed the explicit statement that 'compliance with subdivision (a) shall be required' from the liability protection section, softening the mandatory language while retaining the requirement to include incident-specific response plans.
SCOPE
Expanded the list of critical infrastructure in the resilience assessment to include 'applicable pipelines' alongside water pumps, water tanks, and backup electrical generation equipment.
Narrowed what urban retail water suppliers must provide to the county Office of Emergency Services from all incident response procedures described in paragraph (2) to only the incident-specific response procedures required pursuant to paragraph (2)(1).
TECHNICAL
Added 'offices of emergency services' to the list of local emergency responders for coordination purposes in the preparation actions.
The April 6 amendment to SB 1153 significantly expands the required content of wildfire disaster preparedness plans for urban retail water suppliers by adding a detailed four-part list covering mitigation, preparation, response, and recovery actions. It also rewrites the liability protection language to clarify that while compliance with the plan requirements is mandatory, the mitigation actions are intended to inform planning rather than guarantee water supply or pressure during a wildfire.
REQUIREMENT
New subsection (a)(2) requires disaster preparedness plans to include, but not be limited to: (A) mitigation actions that consider system conditions, risks, operations, and available resources including financial and staffing constraints; (B) preparation actions such as identifying critical infrastructure and coordinating with local emergency responders including cities, counties, fire agencies, and law enforcement; (C) response actions including immediate response steps and a communications strategy for customers; and (D) recovery actions including water system damage assessments and long-term adaptation measures.
ENFORCEMENT
Subsection (c) was rewritten to clarify that while compliance with the plan requirements is mandatory, the identified mitigation actions are 'intended to inform preparedness and response planning, not to guarantee the ability of a public water system to maintain water supply or water pressure during a wildfire.' This narrows the scope of liability protection compared to the prior version, which simply stated noncompliance would not be a substantial cause of damages.
TECHNICAL
The digest was updated to reflect the new plan content requirements (adding 'among other things') and the revised liability language. Several apparent typos were introduced in the digest text including duplicated words ('Services Services', 'incident-specific incident-specific', 'include include').
A duplicate empty subsection labeled (d) that appeared in the March 25 version was removed, resolving a drafting error where two subsections shared the same letter.
The Senate amendment adds a new subdivision (d) to Section 8607.3 clarifying that the bill's wildfire liability protections do not limit or affect liability for injury or damage resulting from a negligent act or omission of an entity operating a public water system for its intended purpose and function. This is a significant legal clarification that preserves negligence claims against water systems while maintaining the broader immunity from wildfire-related damages established in subdivisions (b) and (c). The definitions section was renumbered from (d) to (e) to accommodate the new provision.
REQUIREMENT
New subdivision (d) added to Section 8607.3 stating that nothing in the section shall be construed to limit or affect liability for injury or damage resulting from a negligent act or omission of an entity operating a public water system for its intended purpose and function. This carves out an exception to the broad wildfire liability immunity, ensuring water systems can still be held liable for ordinary negligence.
TECHNICAL
The definitions subdivision was renumbered from (d) to (e) to accommodate the newly inserted subdivision (d).
Floor votes · Senate May 22, 2026 · Assembly Aug 27, 2026
How they voted
33–0
Passed · 7 other
Total votes 40
May 22, 2026
D
Democratic30
25 Yea5
83% Yea
R
Republican10
8 Yea2
80% Yea
Your representatives
Vote distribution
All YeaAll NayMixedNo data
76–0
Passed · 2 other
Total votes 78
Aug 27, 2026
D
Democratic59
57 Yea2
96% Yea
R
Republican19
19 Yea
100% Yea
Your representatives
Vote distribution
All YeaAll NayMixedNo data
Full legislative history
Actions timeline
Total actions
32
Key actions
16
Committee
6
Amendments
11
Aug 30, 2026
Upper · Passed
Assembly amendments concurred in. (Ayes 40. Noes 0.) Ordered to engrossing and enrolling.
upper
Aug 30, 2026
Other
Ordered to special consent calendar.
upper
Aug 27, 2026
Introduced
In Senate. Concurrence in Assembly amendments pending.
upper
Aug 27, 2026
Lower · Passed
Read third time. Passed. Ordered to the Senate.
lower
Aug 17, 2026
Reading-1
Ordered to third reading.
lower
Aug 17, 2026
Lower · Passed
Read third time and amended.
lower
Aug 6, 2026
Reading-1
Read second time. Ordered to third reading.
lower
Aug 5, 2026
Lower · Passed
From committee: Do pass. (Ayes 15. Noes 0.) (August 5).
lower
Jul 1, 2026
Lower · Passed
From committee: Do pass and re-refer to Com. on APPR. (Ayes 6. Noes 0.) (June 30). Re-referred to Com. on APPR.
lower
Jun 22, 2026
Lower · Passed
From committee with author's amendments. Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on E.S & T.M.
lower
Jun 17, 2026
Lower · Passed
Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on E.S & T.M.
lower
Jun 16, 2026
Lower · Passed
From committee: Do pass as amended and re-refer to Com. on E.S & T.M. (Ayes 6. Noes 0.) (June 15).
lower
Jun 8, 2026
Committee
Referred to Coms. on E.M, E.S & T.M., and JUD.
lower
May 22, 2026
Reading-1
In Assembly. Read first time. Held at Desk.
lower
May 22, 2026
Upper · Passed
Read third time. Passed. (Ayes 33. Noes 0. Page 4413.) Ordered to the Assembly.
upper
May 14, 2026
Reading-1
Read second time. Ordered to third reading.
upper
May 14, 2026
Upper · Passed
From committee: Do pass. (Ayes 7. Noes 0. Page 4266.) (May 14).
upper
May 12, 2026
Other
Set for hearing May 14.
upper
May 11, 2026
Other
May 11 hearing: Placed on APPR. suspense file.
upper
May 4, 2026
Other
Set for hearing May 11.
upper
Apr 28, 2026
Upper · Passed
Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on APPR.
upper
Apr 27, 2026
Upper · Passed
From committee: Do pass as amended and re-refer to Com. on APPR. (Ayes 5. Noes 0. Page 3981.) (April 21).
upper
Apr 10, 2026
Other
Set for hearing April 21.
upper
Apr 8, 2026
Upper · Passed
April 14 hearing postponed by committee.
upper
Apr 6, 2026
Upper · Passed
From committee with author's amendments. Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on N.R. & W.
upper
Apr 2, 2026
Other
Set for hearing April 14.
upper
Mar 25, 2026
Upper · Passed
Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on N.R. & W.
upper
Mar 24, 2026
Upper · Passed
From committee: Do pass as amended and re-refer to Com. on N.R. & W. (Ayes 8. Noes 0. Page 3657.) (March 24).
upper
Mar 18, 2026
Other
Set for hearing March 24.
upper
Mar 4, 2026
Committee
Referred to Coms. on E.M. and N.R. & W.
upper
Feb 19, 2026
Other
From printer. May be acted upon on or after March 21.
upper
Feb 18, 2026
Introduced
Introduced. Read first time. To Com. on RLS. for assignment. To print.