Firearms: unserialized firearms.

(1) Existing law defines a firearm precursor part as a component of a firearm that is necessary to build or assemble a firearm and is either an unfinished handgun frame or a specified unfinished receiver, receiver tube, or receiver flat. Under existing law, commencing July 1, 2022, a firearm precursor part is required to be sold through a licensed firearm precursor part vendor, as specified. This bill would redefine a firearm precursor part as any forging, casting, printing, extrusion, machined body or similar article that has reached a stage in manufacture where it may readily be completed, assembled or converted to be used as the frame or receiver of a functional firearm, or that is marketed or sold to the public to become or be used as the frame or receiver of a functional firearm once completed, assembled or converted. This bill would extend the definition of a firearm to include a firearm precursor part for the purposes of most criminal and regulatory provisions related to the possession, sale, and transfer of a firearm, including provisions which do not apply to a frame or receiver under existing law. The bill would repeal provisions relating to the sale of firearm precursor parts through a licensed precursor part vendor, and would prohibit the sale, transfer, or possession of an unserialized firearm precursor part, except as specified. The bill would create a process by which a person may apply to the department for a determination that a particular item or kit is or is not a firearm precursor part. (2) Existing law requires a person that is manufacturing a firearm or assembling a firearm from unserialized components, to apply to the Department of Justice for a unique mark of identification and to affix that mark to the firearm, as specified. This bill would require any person in possession of an unserialized firearm to apply to the department for a unique mark of identification and to affix that mark to the firearm before January 1, 2024. The bill would, commencing on January 1, 2024, explicitly prohibit the possession or transfer of a firearm without a serial number or mark of identification. The bill would authorize a new resident of the state to, within 60 days after arrival in the state, request a unique mark or identification for any unserialized firearm that is otherwise valid to possess in the state. The bill would also prohibit the possession, sale, transfer, or use of specified firearms manufacturing equipment, with exceptions for specified entities, including the Armed Forces of the United States, the National Guard, and law enforcement, as specified. The bill would declare its provisions to be severable. (3) Existing law prohibits a person from purchasing more than one handgun or semiautomatic centerfire rifle in a 30-day period. This bill would, commencing on January 1, 2024, also apply this limitation to completed frames or receivers and firearm precursor parts. (4) Existing law prohibits a person convicted of a felony from possessing a firearm. Existing law prohibits a person convicted of certain specified misdemeanors from possessing a firearm for a period of 10 years after that conviction. This bill would include in the 10-year prohibition, a misdemeanor violation of manufacturing an unserialized firearm, or aiding or abetting the manufacture of a firearm by a prohibited person, that occurs on or after January 1, 2023. The bill would also remove an erroneous cross-reference. (5) This bill would authorize the Department of Justice to adopt regulations to carry out its provisions. The bill would make other conforming, technical, and nonsubstantive changes. By creating new crimes expanding the application of numerous crimes, this bill would impose a state-mandated local program. (6) This bill would declare its provisions to be severable and would authorize the Department of Justice, if any provisions of this bill are held invalid, to enact regulations in furtherance of the bill purpose, including, without limitation, requiring a person to obtain a license to purchase or receive a firearm precursor part. (7) Existing law prohibits possession of a firearm without a serial number. Existing law prohibits possession of a firearm that has had the serial number altered, removed, or obliterated. Existing law defines a firearm to include the frame or receiver. Existing law requires any person in the business of manufacturing firearms, as specified, to be licensed. Existing law requires a person, other than a manufacturer, who assembles a firearm to apply to the Department of Justice for a serial number and to affix that number to the firearm, as specified. This bill would make certain findings and declarations relating to unserialized firearms. (8) This bill would declare that it is to take effect immediately as an urgency statute. (9) The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement. This bill would provide that no reimbursement is required by this act for a specified reason.