Minor or nonminor dependent parents: reunification services.

(1) Existing law establishes the jurisdiction of the juvenile court, which may adjudge children to be dependents of the court under certain circumstances, including when the child suffered or there is a substantial risk that the child will suffer serious physical harm, or a parent fails to provide the child with adequate food, clothing, shelter, or medical treatment. Existing law establishes the grounds for removal of a dependent child from the custody of his or her parents or guardian, and establishes procedures to determine temporary placement of a dependent child. When a court orders the removal of a child from the physical custody of his or her parent, existing law generally requires the court to order the return of the child to the physical custody of his or her parent at the review hearings held 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months, respectively, after the initial disposition hearing, unless the court finds that the return of the child would create a substantial risk of detriment, or substantial danger, to the safety, protection, or physical or emotional well-being of the child. In making this determination, existing law requires the court to consider the efforts or progress, or both, demonstrated by the parent and the extent to which he or she availed himself or herself of reunification services, taking into account the particular barriers to an incarcerated, institutionalized, detained, or deported parent's or guardian's access to those court-mandated reunification services and ability to maintain contact with his or her child. This bill would require the court, in making its determination at those review hearings, to take into account the particular barriers to a minor parent or a nonminor dependent parent. (2) If a child is not returned to a parent or legal guardian at the 18-month permanency review hearing and the court determines by clear and convincing evidence that the best interests of the child would be met by the provision of additional reunification services to the parent or legal guardian, as specified, existing law authorizes the court to continue the case for up to 6 months for a subsequent permanency review hearing, as specified. This bill would authorize the court to continue the case for up to 6 months for the provision of additional reunification services to a minor parent or a nonminor dependent parent at the initial hearing who is making significant and consistent progress in establishing a safe home for the child's return for a subsequent permanency review hearing.