Benefit corporations.

Existing law, the General Corporation Law, authorizes and regulates the formation and governance of general corporations. The Nonprofit Corporation Law authorizes the formation and governance of nonprofit public benefit corporations, nonprofit mutual benefit corporations, and nonprofit religious corporations, and specifies the respective purposes for which those corporations may lawfully be formed. Existing law specifies the duties of corporate directors and the rights of shareholders. Existing law does not provide for the formation and governance of benefit corporations. This bill would authorize and regulate the formation and governance of a new form of corporate entity known as a benefit corporation. The bill would also permit an existing corporation to become a benefit corporation by amendment to its articles of incorporation, as specified, adopted by at least a minimum status vote, as defined, and would permit a corporation to become a benefit corporation through a merger, reorganization, or conversion, or domestic other business entity, as specified. This bill would define "benefit corporation" to mean a corporation that has been organized under the General Corporation Law and has elected to become subject to the provisions of the bill, as specified. The bill would provide that a benefit corporation may be formed for the purpose of creating general public benefit, defined as a material positive impact on society and the environment, taken as a whole, as assessed against a 3rd-party standard, as defined, that satisfies certain requirements. The bill would also provide that a benefit corporation may identify one or more specific public benefits, as defined, as an additional purpose of the corporation, including, without limitation, providing low-income or underserved individuals or communities with beneficial products or services, promoting economic opportunity for individuals or communities beyond the creation of jobs in the ordinary course of business, preserving the environment, and improving human health. This bill would require directors to consider the impacts of any action or proposed action upon specified considerations, including, among others, the shareholders and employees, and of customers who are beneficiaries of the general or specific public benefit purposes, and the environment, and would allow directors to consider the impacts of those actions on, among other things, the resources, intent, and conduct of any person seeking to acquire control of the benefit corporation. This bill would require the board of directors to prepare a specified statement relating to the public benefit purposes of the corporation. The bill would require the benefit corporation to prepare an annual benefit report to include, among other things, a statement indicating whether, in the board's opinion, the benefit corporation failed to pursue its general public benefit and any specific public benefit, a description of the ways in which the benefit corporation pursued those benefits, the extent to which those benefits were created, and the process and rationale for selecting the 3rd-party standard used to prepare the benefit reports, and would require the benefit corporation to file with the Secretary of State a copy of the benefit report together with a filing fee in a specified amount to cover the reasonable regulatory costs associated with maintaining those filings. This bill would include provisions governing the fiduciary duty and liability of an officer or director of a benefit corporation. The bill would provide that the duties of a director or officer, and the general, and any specific, public benefit purpose of a benefit corporation, may be enforced only in a benefit enforcement proceeding, as defined, that would be permitted to be commenced or maintained only as specified.