HB 441 Virginia House of Delegates · 2026 Regular Session

Judicial Inquiry and Review Commission; reform, increases membership.

Summary
Judicial Inquiry and Review Commission; reform. Increases from seven to 12 the number of members of the Judicial Inquiry and Review Commission (the Commission) by adding two additional attorney members, an additional active judge of the Court of Appeals of Virginia, and two additional citizen members. The bill provides that such attorney members be chosen by members of the General Assembly from recommendations provided by the Council of the Virginia State Bar, the Board of Directors for the Virginia Association of Commonwealth's Attorneys, and the Board of Directors for the Virginia Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, and reduces the required years of practice for such lawyer members from 15 to eight. The bill establishes an initial and subsequent annual training requirement for each member and any newly hired counsel for the Commission. Additionally, the bill requires the Commission to adopt and implement a conflict of interest policy. The bill clarifies appointment powers of the Governor in any case where a member of the Commission or staff for the Commission is disqualified from or voluntarily recuses himself from participation in a proceeding. Further, the bill requires the Commission to adopt, the Committees for Courts of Justice to approve, and the Commission to make publicly available a Code of Conduct for all Commission members and Commission staff. The bill provides that the Commission shall make all reasonable efforts to contact any witnesses specified in complaints alleging judicial misconduct to assist the Commission. Further, the bill clarifies that the Commission may investigate any complaints within their purview arising out of matters that are pending or on appeal, and that the Commission shall not dismiss such complaints solely on the basis that the matter from which such complaint arose is pending or on appeal. The bill requires the Commission to make publicly available a publication specifying all possible sanctions, informal disciplinary actions, and supervision agreements the Commission may impose on a judge who is the subject of a complaint and provides an option for requiring the mandatory recusal of such judge in certain instances. The bill prohibits the Attorney General from acting as counsel in any proceeding where the Attorney General was involved in a case, either at trial or on appeal, where a complaint of judicial misconduct arose from such case, and provides that the Conflict of Interest policy the Commission adopts shall govern the Attorney General. The bill removes provisions of confidentiality for a complainant that currently bars a complainant from discussing or sharing privileged information regarding any filed complaint and permits such complainant to discuss publicly the filing of a complaint and any associated events relating to the complaint. The bill clarifies notice requirements to the complainant by the Commission. Finally, the bill permits the Office of the Executive Secretary of the Supreme Court of Virginia to provide the annual judicial performance evaluations for all judges subject to evaluation to the Commission, and such evaluations shall remain confidential.
Bill status passed 3 of 5 stages cleared
Introduction
Jan 2026
Committee Review
Feb 2026
House of Delegates Passage
Feb 2026
Senate Passage
Governor
Introduced Jan 12, 2026 Last action Mar 5, 2026
Maddy AI version diff · 2 comparisons

What changed between versions

Courts of Justice Substitute Criminal Subcommittee Substitute · 3 edits
MINOR
The bill text appears to be a formatting and markup conversion from a legislative substitute document to a different version, with no substantive policy changes to the actual content. The document structure changed from a standard legislative format to include page numbers, timestamps, and committee identifiers, but the underlying legal text regarding the Judicial Inquiry and Review Commission remains identical.
TECHNICAL

Document formatting changed from standard legislative text to include page numbers, timestamps, and committee identifiers (HB441HC2), but no substantive legal content was altered.

Header information was reorganized with the session year moved to the top and the bill title repositioned with line numbers added for markup purposes.

The document includes timestamp information (2/4/26 17:43) and bill reference numbers that were not present in the original version.

Floor votes · House of Delegates Feb 17, 2026

How they voted

850
Passed · 2 other
Total votes 87
Feb 17, 2026
D Democratic52
51 Yea 1
98% Yea
R Republican35
34 Yea 1
97% Yea
Vote distribution
All Yea All Nay Mixed No data
Full legislative history

Actions timeline

Total actions
16
Key actions
3
Committee
5
Feb 18, 2026
Committee
Referred to Committee for Courts of Justice
upper
Feb 17, 2026
Lower · Passed
Read third time and passed House (97-Y 0-N 0-A)
lower
Feb 11, 2026
Lower · Passed
Reported from Courts of Justice with substitute (22-Y 0-N)
lower
Feb 4, 2026
Lower · Passed
House subcommittee offered
lower
Jan 30, 2026
Committee
Assigned HCJ sub: Criminal
lower
Jan 12, 2026
Committee
Referred to Committee for Courts of Justice
lower
1 primary · 0 co-sponsors

Sponsors

Role
Legislator
Party
State
District
P
Photo of Patrick Hope
Patrick Hope
DDemocratic
VA
1