H 471 Vermont House · 2023-2024 Regular Session

An act relating to technical and administrative changes to Vermont’s tax laws

This bill makes technical and administrative updates to Vermont's tax laws, primarily clarifying how federal tax rules are adopted into state law and adjusting definitions for alcoholic beverages and meals. It updates the state's adoption of federal income tax statutes to reflect changes through December 31, 2022, and revises definitions to specify when alcoholic beverages sold by restaurants are taxable versus exempt. The legislation also modifies refund procedures for overpaid taxes, allowing both operators and purchasers to request refunds when taxes are collected incorrectly, and requires the Department of Taxes to report on whether to mandate that businesses notify customers about tax errors. Additionally, it adjusts how local option taxes are collected and administered, including a fee structure to cover administrative costs and clarifies refund processes for taxes collected in unauthorized jurisdictions.
Bill status signed all 5 stages cleared
Introduction
Mar 2023
Committee Review
Mar 2023
House Passage
May 2023
Senate Passage
May 2023
Signed into Law
May 2023
Introduced Mar 24, 2023 Signed May 12, 2023
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What changed between versions

As Passed By the House (Official) As Enacted · 13 edits
MAJOR
The enacted version of H.471 adds several significant new provisions not in the House-passed version, most notably new Vermont tax credits for individuals who lack a taxpayer identification number (a 38% earned income credit and a $1,000-per-child refundable child tax credit), an advance quarterly payment program for the child tax credit, and confidentiality protections that prohibit the Commissioner from inquiring about immigration status. The bill also shortens the property transfer tax lookback period for nonprofit transfers from five years to three years, changes the anti-avoidance standard from 'primary purpose' to 'major purpose,' updates the federal tax code link date from 2021 to 2022, and adds a report deadline requiring the Department of Taxes to recommend legislation on purchaser notification of erroneous tax collections by January 15, 2024.
ELIGIBILITY

New Section 15 (32 V.S.A. 5828b(a)) creates a Vermont earned income tax credit equal to 38% of the federal EITC for individuals who would qualify federally but lack a qualifying taxpayer identification number.

New Section 16 (32 V.S.A. 5830f(a)) creates a refundable Vermont child tax credit of $1,000 per qualifying child (age 5 or younger) for individuals who would qualify federally but lack a taxpayer identification number.

New subsection (c) in the meals and rooms tax refund provision (32 V.S.A. 9245(c)) gives purchasers a direct right to seek a refund from the Department if they establish that tax was erroneously or illegally collected, with refunds processed the same way as operator refunds.

The alcoholic beverages tax exemption (32 V.S.A. 9202(11)(B)) was expanded by adding a new condition (ii): alcoholic beverages are also exempt when served under the same circumstances that cause food or beverages to be excepted from the 'taxable meal' definition, broadening the scope of exempt alcohol sales.

REQUIREMENT

New Section 17 (32 V.S.A. 5830) establishes a process for claiming these credits without a TIN, prohibits the Commissioner from inquiring about or recording citizenship or immigration status, requires individuals to provide identity and income documents upon request, and mandates confidentiality of all related records under the Public Records Act.

In the property transfer tax nonprofit exemption (32 V.S.A. 9603(14)(C)), the standard for denying the exemption was changed from 'a primary purpose of the transaction is to avoid the tax' to 'a major purpose of the transaction is to avoid the tax,' which is a lower threshold making it easier for the Commissioner to deny the exemption.

FISCAL

New Section 18 (32 V.S.A. 5830f(d)) authorizes the Commissioner to make advance quarterly payments totaling 50% of the annual child tax credit during the calendar year, with the remaining 50% determined at filing time. Individuals may elect out of advance payments.

The composite return rate for S corporations (32 V.S.A. 5914(b)) and partnerships/LLCs (32 V.S.A. 5920(b)) was changed from the 'middle' marginal rate to the 'second-highest' marginal rate, which will increase the tax collected through composite filings. Both provisions also now require entities with more than 50 nonresident shareholders or partners to file composite returns.

SCOPE

The property transfer tax exemption for transfers between related nonprofit organizations (32 V.S.A. 9603(14)(C)(ii)) was restructured: the lookback period was shortened from five years to three years, and the tax now applies only if all three conditions are met - the second transfer occurs within three years, is not itself exempt as a related-organization transfer, and the Commissioner determines a major purpose is tax avoidance.

The federal income tax code adoption date (32 V.S.A. 5824 and 7402(8)) was updated from December 31, 2021 to December 31, 2022, incorporating one additional year of federal tax law changes into Vermont's personal income tax base.

ENFORCEMENT

New Section 7 requires the Department of Taxes to submit a written report by January 15, 2024 to legislative committees recommending whether to require restaurants and vendors to notify purchasers when tax has been erroneously collected, including recommendations on dollar or transaction thresholds, notice formats, Department oversight role, and confidentiality considerations.

New subdivision (2) in the local option tax provision (24 V.S.A. 138(c)(2)) requires the Commissioner to either refund or deposit as state tax any local option tax collected in a municipality not authorized to impose it, providing a mechanism for correcting erroneous collections.

TIMELINE

The sales tax exemption for advanced wood boilers (2018 Acts and Resolves No. 194, Sec. 26b(a)) was extended from expiring July 1, 2023 to July 1, 2024, giving manufacturers and buyers one additional year of the exemption.

Floor votes

How they voted

This bill passed the Senate by voice vote (no roll call recorded).
Full legislative history

Actions timeline

Total actions
25
Key actions
4
Committee
1
Amendments
7
May 12, 2023
Signed into law
Signed by Governor on June 19, 2023
executive
May 12, 2023
Lower · Passed
Delivered to the Governor on June 13, 2023
lower
May 12, 2023
Introduced
House message: House concurred in Senate proposal of amendment
upper
May 12, 2023
Introduced
Senate proposal of amendment concurred in
lower
May 12, 2023
Introduced
Notice Calendar: Senate Proposal of Amendment
lower
May 12, 2023
Introduced
Senate Message: Passed in concurrence with proposal of amendment
lower
May 11, 2023
Upper · Passed
Rules suspended & messaged to House forthwith, on motion of Senator Baruth
upper
May 11, 2023
Introduced
Read 3rd time & passed in concurrence with proposal of amendment
upper
May 11, 2023
Introduced
Proposal of amendment by Committee on Finance agreed to
upper
May 11, 2023
Introduced
Read 2nd time, reported favorably with proposal of amendment by Senator Cummings for Committee on Finance
upper
Mar 24, 2023
Introduced
Read 1st time & referred to Committee on Finance
upper
Mar 21, 2023
Lower · Passed
Rep. Branagan of Georgia spoke for the Committee on Ways and Means
lower
0 primary · 0 co-sponsors

Sponsors

No sponsor information available.