Coast Guard Combat-Injured Tax Fairness Act

This bill amends the Combat-Injured Veterans Tax Fairness Act of 2016 to clarify and expand coverage for Coast Guard veterans with combat-related injuries. It ensures veterans who received severance payments while the Coast Guard operated under the Department of Homeland Security (not the Navy) or the Department of Transportation are treated the same as those under the Defense Department for tax purposes. The bill updates which agency secretaries (Defense, Homeland Security, or Transportation) are responsible for identifying and refunding improperly withheld taxes. It requires these agencies to complete these actions within one year of the bill's enactment. The bill directly affects Coast Guard veterans with combat injuries who had tax issues due to the Coast Guard's changing departmental oversight.