COWS Act of 2026

The COWS Act of 2026 amends the Food Security Act to expand federal conservation programs by formally recognizing alternative manure management practices and on-farm composting as eligible activities for financial assistance. These provisions directly affect dairy and livestock producers, particularly small and medium-sized operations, who can receive payments covering up to 100% of the costs associated with planning, equipment, installation, and labor for these new practices. The bill requires the Secretary of Agriculture to prioritize applications that maximize greenhouse gas reductions and carbon sequestration while ensuring geographic diversity and support for beginning or socially disadvantaged farmers. Additionally, it allows groups of producers to submit joint applications for shared composting facilities and mandates the development of new conservation standards specifically for on-farm compost production within one year of enactment.