Protection of Women in Olympic and Amateur Sports Act

S 405, the "Protection of Women in Olympic and Amateur Sports Act," establishes new definitions for biological sex and prohibits males from participating in female-designated amateur sports competitions. The bill defines "female" as someone with a reproductive system producing eggs and "male" as someone with a system producing sperm, explicitly stating "sex" means biological sex. It amends federal law to add a requirement that prohibits individuals designated male at birth from competing in events "designated for females, women, or girls." This policy directly affects amateur sports organizations and competitions with gender-specific categories under federal oversight.