S 318 United States Senate · 119th Congress

ANCHOR Act

The ANCHOR Act requires the National Science Foundation (NSF) Director to create a plan within one year to improve cybersecurity and internet connectivity for ocean research vessels operated by U.S. universities and laboratories. The plan must assess current needs - like secure data sharing, telemedicine for crew, and real-time scientific collaboration - along with costs for equipment (e.g., satellite systems) and training. It specifically targets the U.S. Academic Research Fleet, defined as NSF-funded vessels used for ocean science. The bill does not provide new funding but mandates a roadmap for upgrading these vessels’ technology to support safe and effective research.
Bill status passed 3 of 5 stages cleared
Introduction
Jan 2025
Committee Review
Sep 2025
Senate Passage
Oct 2025
House Passage
President
Introduced Jan 29, 2025 Last action Oct 10, 2025
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What changed between versions

Introduced in Senate Engrossed in Senate · 8 edits · Oct 8, 2025
MODERATE
The Engrossed version of S 318 makes several substantive changes to the plan requirements for improving cybersecurity and telecommunications of the U.S. Academic Research Fleet. Most notably, it removes the requirement to consider K-12 educational outreach via video communications, narrows the personnel health provision from a broad 'health and well-being' mandate to just telemedicine and crisis response care, shifts the relationship with CISA and NIST from following their guidance to consulting with them, and drops the 'international' qualifier on information security standards. The rest of the changes are technical corrections (committee name, agency name, pluralization, punctuation).
REQUIREMENT

Removed the requirement that the Director consider enabling video communications for K-12 student outreach, including remote classroom teaching by instructors at sea to improve oceanographic access for students.

Narrowed the personnel welfare provision from 'providing network access for the health and well-being of deployed personnel, including communications to conduct telemedicine (including mental health care), counseling, interviews with crisis response providers, and other remote individual care and services' down to simply 'providing network access to conduct medical care via telemedicine or related crisis response care.'

Changed the relationship with CISA and NIST from 'in accordance with guidance issued by' to 'in consultation with,' giving NSF more discretion rather than requiring it to follow their published guidance.

Removed the word 'international' and the phrase 'aligning with' from the information security standards consideration, changing it from a requirement to align with international standards to a general reference to 'standards and guidance for information security.'

TECHNICAL

Corrected the House committee name from 'Committee on Space, Science, and Technology' to 'Committee on Science, Space, and Technology' (the actual name of the committee).

Corrected 'National Institute for Standards and Technology' to 'National Institute of Standards and Technology' (the correct agency name).

Reordered definitions so that Director is now definition (1), oceanographic research vessel is (2), and U.S. Academic Research Fleet is (3), rather than the reverse order.

Changed singular references to 'vessel' to plural 'vessels' in several places throughout the plan elements and considerations sections, broadening language from individual vessels to the fleet as a whole.

Floor votes

How they voted

This bill passed the Senate by voice vote (no roll call recorded).
Full legislative history

Actions timeline

Total actions
10
Key actions
4
Committee
3
Oct 8, 2025
Upper · Passed
Passed Senate with an amendment by Unanimous Consent. (consideration: CR S7007-7009; text: CR S7008-7009)
upper
Oct 8, 2025
Upper · Passed
Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate with an amendment by Unanimous Consent.
upper
Sep 29, 2025
Upper · Passed
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Reported by Senator Cruz with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. With written report No. 119-64.
upper
May 21, 2025
Upper · Passed
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Ordered to be reported with an amendment in the nature of a substitute favorably.
upper
Jan 29, 2025
Committee
Read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.
upper
Jan 29, 2025
Introduced
Introduced in Senate
upper
1 primary · 1 co-sponsor

Sponsors