Agriculture and National Security Act

This bill creates a new Assistant Secretary for National Security within the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), to be appointed within 180 days of enactment. The position will serve as the USDA's primary advisor on national security matters related to food and agriculture, coordinate with agencies like Homeland Security and the National Security Council, and oversee efforts to identify vulnerabilities in areas like supply chains, foreign ownership of farmland, and emerging technologies (such as AI and biotechnology). It also requires the USDA to submit biennial reports to Congress detailing gaps in national security efforts, actions taken to address them, and policy recommendations. The bill directly affects USDA operations and interagency coordination, focusing on protecting the U.S. food and agriculture system from security threats.