Weather Act Reauthorization Act of 2025

# Summary of the Weather Act Reauthorization Act of 2025 This comprehensive legislation reauthorizes and modernizes the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) weather and climate programs through 2030, with several key focuses: ## Core Program Reauthorizations - **Commercial Data Program** ($100M annually): Establishes a formal program to acquire weather/environmental data from private sector entities, including standards, prioritization, and data assimilation practices - **Commercial Data Pilot Program** (15% of Commercial Data Program funds): Tests and evaluates private sector data for use in NOAA operations - **Advanced Weather Interactive Processing System**: Requires transition to cloud-based operations by 2030 to enable more flexible workforce ## Hazard Communication Improvements - **Hazardous Weather Risk Communication Program**: Focuses on simplifying and improving communication of weather hazards through social, behavioral, and risk science research - **Post-Storm Surveys**: Requires systematic surveys after significant weather events, with emphasis on vulnerable populations - **NOAA Weather Radio Modernization**: Expands coverage, enhances reliability, and transitions to internet protocol-based communications ## Operational Modernization - **National Weather Service Workforce**: Includes hiring assessments, health/morale evaluations, and designation of service hydrologists - **Aviation Weather Program**: Enhances turbulence forecasting, data acquisition, and coordination with the Federal Aviation Administration - **Data Management**: Establishes consistent data standards, infrastructure, and sharing practices across NOAA ## Specialized Programs - **Atmospheric Rivers Forecast Improvement Program**: Focuses on improving forecasts of atmospheric rivers that impact the western U.S. - **Coastal Flooding and Storm Surge Program**: Improves coastal inundation forecasting and warning systems - **National Integrated Drought Information System**: Enhances drought monitoring and forecasting capabilities - **National Mesonet Program**: Expands environmental observation networks across the U.S., with 15% of funds for financial assistance to state/local entities - **National Coordinated Soil Moisture Monitoring Network**: Supports soil moisture monitoring for agricultural and drought management - **Precipitation Forecast Improvement Program**: Aims to improve precipitation forecasting across all timescales ## Funding The bill authorizes significant funding across these programs, with annual appropriations ranging from $10M to $70M depending on the program, for fiscal years 2026-2030. The legislation represents a major effort to modernize NOAA's infrastructure, improve weather communication to the public, and better integrate commercial data sources while maintaining NOAA's leadership in weather and climate science.