To amend the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act to direct the Secretary of Energy to coordinate with certain Federal officials to conduct research, development, testing, and evaluation of novel technologies to detect fentanyl vapor or particles in support of rapid screening of the mails, at prisons, at United States borders, and in other related use cases, and for other purposes.

HR 3078 requires the U.S. Department of Energy to develop new technologies that detect fentanyl vapor or particles. The bill mandates coordination between the Energy Secretary, Attorney General, Homeland Security Secretary, and Postmaster General to test these technologies. Specifically, the program focuses on rapid screening for fentanyl in mail, prisons, U.S. borders, and other related settings. This creates a new federal research initiative with defined use cases for fentanyl detection technology.