To direct the Secretary of Homeland Security to carry out a pilot program for the prevention and mitigation of acts of terrorism using motor vehicles, and for other purposes.

HR 1831 establishes a one-year pilot program for the Department of Homeland Security to work with rental agencies and car dealers on preventing vehicle-based terrorism. It requires developing uniform reporting standards for suspicious activity, providing threat assessments about large vehicles (like trucks and buses), and offering training and technical assistance to rental companies. The program mandates regular reports to Congress on privacy impacts and effectiveness, and exempts participating companies from liability for actions taken under the pilot. This directly affects rental agencies, dealers, and ride-sharing companies that operate covered vehicles (trucks, buses, or vans carrying over 15 passengers).