Separation of Powers Restoration Act of 2025

HR 1605, the Separation of Powers Restoration Act of 2025, amends federal law to change how courts review agency actions. It requires courts to independently re-examine all legal questions - including interpretations of laws and regulations - when reviewing agency decisions, rather than deferring to the agency's interpretation. This applies to all judicial reviews of agency actions under existing law, unless a specific law explicitly exempts such cases by citing this new provision. The bill directly affects federal courts and agencies like the EPA or FDA by altering the standard for reviewing their regulatory interpretations.