Judicial Administration and Improvement Act of 2025

This bill reorganizes the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit into two separate courts: the new Ninth Circuit (covering California, Hawaii, Oregon, Washington, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands) and the Twelfth Circuit (covering Alaska, Arizona, Idaho, Montana, and Nevada). It adjusts the number of judges to 21 for the new Ninth Circuit and 8 for the Twelfth Circuit, allowing current judges to choose their new circuit with specific rules for vacancies and seniority. Pending cases from the old Ninth Circuit will be transferred to the appropriate new circuit without changing their legal status, and the old Ninth Circuit court will cease administrative operations two years after the bill's effective date. The bill takes effect one year after enactment.