Protecting Farmers from Drought Act of 2023

This bill modifies federal crop insurance rules to help farmers in counties repeatedly hit by severe drought. It changes the "1-in-4 rule" to a "1-in-5 rule" for prevented planting insurance eligibility in counties experiencing extreme drought (D3 or worse) for three consecutive years, as tracked by the U.S. Drought Monitor. Farmers in these designated counties would only need to have planted a crop once in the past five years (instead of four) to qualify for prevented planting coverage during droughts. The change directly affects farmers in eligible counties by making insurance more accessible during prolonged dry periods. The policy adjustment is limited to drought-affected areas meeting specific, measurable criteria.