Vessel Tracking for Sanctions Enforcement Act of 2023

S 2248, the Vessel Tracking for Sanctions Enforcement Act of 2023, establishes a 4-year pilot program to use big data analytics at the National Targeting Center to identify vessels disabling or manipulating their Automatic Identification System (AIS) as a potential sign of evading U.S. sanctions or export controls. The program analyzes vessel data like cargo type, ownership, destination, AIS disablement duration, and proximity to other vessels to flag high-risk shipments. It directs U.S. Customs and Border Protection to share actionable intelligence with DHS components, other federal agencies, and trusted international partners. The program requires a final report to Congress assessing its effectiveness, including whether flagged vessels were confirmed evading sanctions and the penalties applied. This directly affects vessels potentially transporting sanctioned goods and involves U.S. agencies enforcing sanctions.