Real Courts, Rule of Law Act of 2024

The Real Courts, Rule of Law Act of 2024 establishes a new independent system of United States Immigration Courts under Article I of the Constitution, separate from the executive branch. It creates three divisions (appellate, trial, and administrative), sets qualifications for judges (including 10 years of bar membership), and establishes appointment procedures and compensation (92% of district court judge salaries for trial judges). The bill transfers functions from the Executive Office for Immigration Review to these new courts, with a 4-year transition period and provisions for continuity of pending cases. It also establishes retirement benefits, rules for temporary judges, and mechanisms for oversight by the Judicial Conference.