Emergency Migration Response Act of 2023

The Emergency Migration Response Act of 2023 establishes a federal framework to address large-scale border migration surges. It allows the President to declare an "extraordinary migration event" based on specific metrics like weekly border apprehension rates and resource shortages, triggering a coordinated response. Key mechanisms include appointing a Federal Coordinating Officer to manage resources, utilizing the Southwest Border Coordination Center, forming migration response teams for facility construction and processing, and allocating $1.5 billion from a dedicated fund (including $1.06B for CBP facilities and medical care). The bill directly affects migrants arriving at the border, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, and state/local governments by creating a structured process for rapid federal assistance during surges.