Rulemaking Accountability and Reform Act of 2023

The Rulemaking Accountability and Reform Act of 2023 requires federal agencies to explicitly state and justify the specific legal authority for every rule they propose and finalize. It mandates that proposed rules include a complete recitation of the law granting the agency power to make each provision, along with an explanation of how that authority applies. Final rules must similarly detail the legal basis for each provision. The bill also adds new grounds for courts to review agency actions, including when agencies claim authority exceeding what Congress provided or resolve "major questions" without clear congressional authorization. This directly affects federal agencies creating regulations and individuals or organizations challenging those rules in court.