To direct the Secretary of Defense to report on illicit drug use and overdoses by members of the Armed Forces serving on active duty.

HR 5731 requires the Secretary of Defense to submit a detailed report to Congress by December 1, 2023, about illicit drug use and overdoses among active-duty military members. The report must include statistics on drug use and fentanyl-related overdoses, details on drug testing methods and their effectiveness, policies preventing retaliation for seeking treatment, demographic data of affected service members, shortcomings in counternarcotics programs, and the availability and wait times for addiction treatment across the military branches. This bill directly affects active-duty service members by mandating transparency around drug use and treatment access, and it targets the Department of Defense to provide specific, data-driven insights. The legislation focuses solely on establishing a reporting mechanism, not on changing current policies or treatment programs.