SHIELD Act

The SHIELD Act establishes two new federal entities to strengthen U.S. supply chain security. The Office of Economic and Security Preparedness will coordinate efforts to ensure resilient domestic production in national security-critical sectors like semiconductors, rare-earth minerals, pharmaceuticals, and defense materials. It creates a Supply Chain Mapping Unit to continuously track dependencies on Chinese-supplied materials and assess risks, while the Defense Mobilization Unit will evaluate military readiness needs, identify production bottlenecks, and recommend solutions. The bill mandates annual reports to Congress on supply chain shortfalls, focusing on defense-critical supply chains and U.S.-China trade disruptions.