SWAMP Act of 2023

HR 5676, the SWAMP Act of 2023, requires most federal executive agencies to relocate their headquarters out of the Washington metropolitan area (encompassing D.C., parts of Maryland, and Virginia) within one year of enactment, affecting agencies not excluded (like Defense, State, CIA, or intelligence agencies). Existing headquarters in the region may remain but cannot undergo new construction, lease renewals, or new leases after enactment. The bill mandates a competitive bidding process where states or localities submit proposals for relocation, evaluated based on economic impact, relevant expertise, and national security considerations. The General Services Administrator must manage relocations using existing funds, with proceeds from selling federal property offsetting costs.