To prohibit individuals convicted of defrauding the Government from receiving any assistance from the Small Business Administration, and for other purposes.

HR 5427 prohibits individuals convicted of fraud against the government from receiving most Small Business Administration (SBA) financial assistance. Specifically, it blocks eligibility for any SBA aid (except standard Section 7(b) loans) if a small business has an "associate" (such as an officer, director, owner over 20%, or key employee) who was finally convicted of fraud involving SBA-covered loans or grants. Covered programs include pandemic-era loans like the PPP and grants under the American Rescue Plan Act. The rule applies only to new assistance after the bill's enactment, not existing contracts.