Civilian Harm Review and Reassessment Act

HR 5112, the Civilian Harm Review and Reassessment Act, requires the Secretary of Defense to review and reinvestigate civilian harm allegations from U.S. military operations between 2011 and 2023 that were likely dismissed due to investigation errors or incomplete information. The bill mandates the Department of Defense to establish review procedures within 180 days of enactment, consult with civilian harm-focused NGOs, and submit a detailed report to Congress within one year. This report must detail errors found, revised credibility assessments, any financial compensation offered, and steps to prevent future errors. The law directly affects military operations conducted during this period and aims to address past dismissals of civilian harm claims through systematic review.