To amend the Emergency Food Assistance Act of 1983 to allow certain States to directly purchase commodities, and for other purposes.

HR 5059 would allow eligible states to receive their emergency food assistance funding as cash instead of in-kind commodities, enabling them to directly purchase food from private suppliers. Currently, the federal government buys and distributes food to states; this bill would let states elect to use cash for their own purchases in the commercial marketplace. The bill defines "eligible states" based on criteria from the 2018 Agriculture Improvement Act and applies only to states that choose this option. This change provides states with greater flexibility in sourcing food for emergency feeding programs.