Coast Guard Combat-Injured Tax Fairness Act

This bill amends the 2016 Combat-Injured Veterans Tax Fairness Act to clarify which federal departments handle tax refunds for Coast Guard veterans with combat injuries. It specifically adds the Secretary of Homeland Security (for Coast Guard members when not part of the Navy) and the Secretary of Transportation (for Coast Guard members under Transportation) to the list of officials responsible for processing these refunds. The bill requires these departments to identify and refund improperly withheld taxes within one year of enactment and to prevent future errors starting immediately. It directly affects Coast Guard veterans who received combat-related injuries during service periods when the Coast Guard operated under different departments.